Flashcards
Part 3 - First Aid
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1Anaphylaxis Physiology 1Acute, potentially fatal, multi-organ system reaction caused by the release of chemical mediators from mast cells and basophils
- 2Anaphylaxis Physiology 2Causes the immune system to release a flood of chemicals that can cause you to go into shock - BP drops suddenly and airways narrow, blocking breathing
- 3Anaphylaxis S/SRapid, weak pulse. Skin rash. Nausea and vomiting. Light - headed/faint. Breathing dificulty and wheezing. Clammy skin. Confusion/anxiety. Collapsing/losing consciousness. Other allergy symptoms.
- 4Anaphylaxis TreatmentCall 999. Remove any trigger possible. Lie person down flat. Use adrenaline auto-injector if have. Give another injection >5-15 mins.
- 5Anaphylaxis TriggersFood - nuts, milk, fish, shellfish, eggs, fruit. Meds - antibiotics and NSAIDs. Insect stings. General anaesthetic. Latex.
- 6Stroke PhysiologySudden neuro deficit caused by impairment in perfusion to the brain
- 7Ischemic StrokeObstruction within a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain - underlying cause = atherosclerosis
- 8Types of Ischemic StrokeCerebral Thrombosis - thrombus develops @ clogged part of vessel
Cerebral Embolism - thrombus forms in another location (heart, large arteries upper chest and neck) - portion breaks loose and enters bloodstream - 9Haemorrhagic StrokeWeakened blood vessel ruptures - blood accumulates and compresses surrounding brain tissue
- 10Types of Haemorrhagic StrokeIntracerebral - within brain
Subarachnoid - 11Types of Weakened Blood VesselAneurysm - weakened region blood vessel - weakens until it ruptures
Arteriovenous malformation - cluster abnormally formed blood vessels - 12Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA)Temporary blood clot - mini stroke
- 13Stroke S/SFAST. Sudden weakness/numbness one side of the body. Difficulty finding words/speaking clear sentence. Sudden blurred vision/loss of sight in one/both eyes. Sudden memory loss/confusion and dizziness or a sudden fall. Sudden, severe headache.
- 14HypoglycaemiaBG <3.9mmol/L. Low blood sugar.
- 15Gestational DiabetesPregnancy. Hormones create difficulty in utiising insulin efficiently = increased risk resistance. Some women less able prod enough insulin overcome resistance. Difficult use glucose properly for energy - remains in blood - levels increase. @ risk = overweight, had it previously, very large baby previous pregnancy, family history diabetes.
- 16T1DAutoimmune. Beta cells pancrease destroyed - prevent the production of insulin in the body. Disrupts BG regulation.
- 17T2DMetabolic disorder. Insulin resistance. Body unable produce enough insulin/body unable to metabolise glucose = increase BG levels which damage body organs
- 18Hypoglycaemia S/SIrregular heartbeat. Shaky/jittery. Hungry. Headache. Blurred vision. Sleepy/tired. Dizzy/lightheaded. Confused/disorientated. Pale. Unable eat/drink. Seizures/convulsions. Unconsciousness.
- 19Hypoglycaemia CausesNot enough CHO. Skipping/delaying meals. Increased PA. Binge drinking with not enough food. Vomiting.
- 20Hypoglyceamia PreventionCheck BG levels. Eat regular meals and snacks. Be PA safe - preload/decrease insulin
- 21Hypogylcaemia TreatmentEat/drink 15g CHO - glucose tabs/gel. 100ml fruit juice/coke. 1 tbsp sugar, honey etc. Wait 15 mins and check BG - if still low eat another 15g CHO - repeat until normal levels.
- 22MI S/SPressure, tightness, pain/squeezing/aching sensation chest/arms which may spread to neck, jaw or back. Nausea, indigestion, heartburn or ab pain. SOB. Cold sweat. Fatigue. Light headedness/sudden dizziness. Sense of impending doom.
- 23Asthma Attack S/SSevere wheezing and breathing in/out. Coughing that won't stop. Very rapid breathing. Chest tightness/pressure. Tightened neck and chest muscles - retractions. Difficulty talking. Feelings of anxiety/panic. Pale, sweaty face. Blue lips/fingernails.
- 24Dehydration S/SFeeling thirsty. Dark yellow and strong smelling wee. Feeling dizzy/light headed. Feeling tired. Dry mouth, lips and eyes. Peeing little and <4x day.
- 25Head Trauma/Concussion S/SHeadache that doesn't go away. Dizziness. Feeling sick/vomiting. Feeling stunned, dazed/confused. Memory loss. Clumsiness/trouble with balance. Unusual behaviour - irritated easily/sudden mood swings. Visual changes - blurred/double/stars. Being knocked out/struggling to stay awake.
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- Flashcards on Part 3 - First Aid, created by Tizanne Clive on 05/05/2018.
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- Tizanne Clive
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