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U.S. Government/OK History Final (Part 2) Flash Cards

Anthony Vang Government 9th grade English 145 cards

Cards in this deck (145)

  1. 1Monarchya form of government with a monarch at the head.
  2. 2Oligarchya small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
  3. 3Anarchya state of disorder due to absence or nonrecognition of authority.
  4. 4Theocracya system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
  5. 5Totalitarianrelating to a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state.
  6. 6Dictatorshipgovernment by a dictator.
  7. 7Tyrannycruel and oppressive government or rule.
  8. 8Tyranta cruel and oppressive ruler.
  9. 9Societythe aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community.
  10. 10Democracya system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
  11. 11Republica state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.
  12. 12U.S. ConstitutionA document that embodies the fundamental laws and principles by which the United States is governed.
  13. 13Human Rightsa right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person.
  14. 14Sovereigntysupreme power or authority.
  15. 15Ratificationthe action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.
  16. 16Article 1Article 1 of the U.S. Constitution gives Congress its powers and limits.
  17. 17Article 2Article 2 of the Constitution sets forth the definition and terms of the Executive Branch of Government in the United States of America.
  18. 18Article 3Article 3 of the Constitution establishes and empowers the judicial branch of the national government.
  19. 19Popular Sovereigntya doctrine in political theory that government is created by and subject to the will of the people
  20. 20Preamblea preliminary or preparatory statement; an introduction.
  21. 21Limited Governmenta governing or controlling body whose power exists only within pre-defined limits that are established by a constitution or other source of authority.
  22. 22Majority Rulethe principle that the greater number should exercise greater power.
  23. 23Delegated Powersof the federal government are those specifically described and assigned in the U.S. Constitution.
  24. 24Separation of Powersan act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.
  25. 25Legislative Branchthe branch of the United States government that creates laws.
  26. 26Executive Branchthe branch of federal and state government that is broadly responsible for implementing, supporting, and enforcing the laws made by the legislative branch and interpreted by the judicial branch.
  27. 27Judicial Branchthe court systems of local, state, and federal governments, responsible for interpreting the laws passed by the legislative branch and enforced by the executive branch.
  28. 28Check and Balancescounterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups.
  29. 29Vetoa constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.
  30. 30Judicial Reviewreview by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.
  31. 31Amendmenta minor change in a document.
  32. 32Repealrevoke or annul (a law or congressional act).
  33. 33Appealmake a serious or urgent request, typically to the public.
  34. 34Cabinet(in the U.S.) a body of advisers to the president, composed of the heads of the executive departments of the government.
  35. 35Bill of Rightsthe first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.
  36. 36Separation of Church and Statethe principle that government must maintain an attitude of neutrality toward religion.
  37. 37Self-Incriminationthe act of incriminating oneself or exposing oneself to prosecution, especially by giving evidence or testimony.
  38. 38Due Process of Lawfair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.
  39. 39Eminent Domainthe right of a government or its agent to expropriate private property for public use, with payment of compensation.
  40. 40Bailthe temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on condition that a sum of money be lodged to guarantee their appearance in court.
  41. 41Bicameral Legislaturea governmental body with two houses or chambers, such as the U.S. Congress or British Parliament
  42. 42Impeachcall into question the integrity or validity of (a practice).
  43. 43Billa draft of a proposed law presented to parliament for discussion.
  44. 44Ratifysign or give formal consent to (a treaty, contract, or agreement), making it officially valid.
  45. 45Pocket Vetoan indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.
  46. 46Presidential Successionthe order in which officials of the United States federal government discharge the powers and duties of the office of President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office
  47. 47Treatiesa formally concluded and ratified agreement between countries.
  48. 48Crimean unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority.
  49. 49Criminal Lawa system of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes.
  50. 50Civil Lawthe system of law concerned with private relations between members of a community rather than criminal, military, or religious affairs.
  51. 51Common Lawthe part of English law that is derived from custom and judicial precedent rather than statutes. Often contrasted with statutory law.
  52. 52Constitutional Lawrefers to rights carved out in the federal and state constitutions.
  53. 53Jurisdictionthe official power to make legal decisions and judgments.
  54. 54Supreme Courtthe highest judicial court in a country or state.
  55. 55District Courtsa state of federal trial court.
  56. 56Original jurisdictionthe power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.
  57. 57Court of Appealsa court to which appeals are taken in a federal circuit or a state.
  58. 58Appellate Jurisdictionthe power of a higher court to review decisions and change outcomes of decisions of lower courts.
  59. 59Justicesa judge or magistrate, in particular a judge of the supreme court of a country or state.
  60. 60Remandplace (a defendant) on bail or in custody, especially when a trial is adjourned.
  61. 61Opiniona view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.
  62. 62Penal Codea code of laws concerning crimes and offenses and their punishment.
  63. 63Political Partya group of voters organized to support certain public policies.
  64. 64Nominatepropose or formally enter as a candidate for election or for an honor or award.
  65. 65Candidatea person who applies for a job or is nominated for election.
  66. 66Two-Party Systempolitical system in which the electorate gives its votes largely to only two major parties and in which one or the other party can win a majority in the legislature.
  67. 67Coalitionan alliance for combined action, especially a temporary alliance of political parties forming a government or of states.
  68. 68Third Partiesa person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation, especially a dispute.
  69. 69Polling Placea building where voting takes place during an election, typically one that normally has another function, such as a school.
  70. 70Majoritythe greater number.
  71. 71Minoritythe smaller number or part, especially a number that is less than half the whole number.
  72. 72Popular Votean act of voting by the electorate of a country or area.
  73. 73Electoral College(in the U.S.) a body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president.
  74. 74Electoral Votea vote cast by a member of the electoral college.
  75. 75Powerthe ability to influence or outright control the behavior of people.
  76. 76Lockethis person wrote the "Two Treaties of Government", people should be sovereign, monarchs not chosen by god (Government is good).
  77. 77Montesquieuthis person wrote the "The Spirit of Laws", government must have Separation of Powers.
  78. 78Hobbesthis person wrote the "Leviathan", life without government is bad, absolute government needed to control evil behavior.
  79. 79Roussaeuthis person wrote the "Social Contract", man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains, government is contract between people and rulers, people can break it.
  80. 80Qualifications for SenateMust be at least 30 years old, Must been a U.S. citizen for at least 9 years, Must be a citizen at the state from which he/she elected.
  81. 81Qualifications House of RepresentativesMust be at least 25 years old, Must been a U.S. citizen for at least 7 years, Must be a citizen at the state from which he/she elected.
  82. 82Qualifications for PresidentMust be at least 35 years old, Must be a natural born citizen, Must have lived in the U.S for at least 14 years.
  83. 83Speaker of the Housethe presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives.
  84. 84Declaration of Independencethe formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain.
  85. 85Shays Rebellionan uprising led by a former militia officer, Daniel Shays, which broke out in western Massachusetts in 1786.
  86. 86Goals of the US. ConstitutionOur Founding Fathers hoped that our country would form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity.
  87. 87Thomas JeffersonOne of the Founding Fathers; the leader of the Democratic-Republican party, made the Declaration of Independence.
  88. 88George WashingtonThe first president of the United States, and the commanding general of the victorious American army in the Revolutionary War.
  89. 89Benjamin FranklinPrinter whose success as an author led him to take up politics; he helped draw up the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution; he played a major role in the American Revolution and negotiated French support for the colonists.
  90. 90The American FlagWhite signifies purity and innocence, Red, hardiness & valor, and Blue, the color of the Chief signifies vigilance, perseverance & justice.
    50 Stars, 13 stripes
  91. 91ElephantThe Republican Animal Symbol
  92. 92DonkeyThe Democratic Animal Symbol
  93. 93Miranda Rightsdenoting or relating to the duty of the police to inform a person taken into custody of their right to legal counsel and the right to remain silent under questioning.
  94. 94Congressa national legislative body, especially that of the US. The US Congress, which meets at the Capitol in Washington DC, was established by the Constitution of 1787 and is composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
  95. 95Citizen(s)a legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth, either native or naturalized.
  96. 96Censusan official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals.
  97. 97Articles of Confederationthe original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the US Constitution in 1789.
  98. 98Secretary of State(in the U.S.) the head of the State Department, responsible for foreign affairs.
  99. 991st AmendmentFreedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition.
  100. 1002nd AmendmentRight to Bear Arms.
  101. 1013rd AmendmentHousing of Soldiers
  102. 1024th AmendmentSearch and Arrest Warrants
  103. 1035th AmendmentRights in Criminal Cases
  104. 1046th AmendmentRight to a Fair Trial.
  105. 1057th AmendmentRights in Civil Rights
  106. 1068th AmendmentBails, Fines, and Punishments.
  107. 1079th AnmendmentRights Retained by the People.
  108. 10810th AmendmentPowers Retained by the States and the People.
  109. 10913th AmendmentAbolition of Slavery
  110. 11019th AmendmentWomen's Suffrage
  111. 11126th AmendmentSuffrage for 18 years old.
  112. 112Unconstitutionalnot in accordance with a political constitution, especially the US Constitution, or with procedural rules.
  113. 113Virginia Plana proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch.
  114. 114New Jersey Plana proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787.
  115. 115Great Compromisean agreement made between large and small states which partly defined the representation each state would have under the United States Constitution, as well as in legislature. It occurred in 1787.
  116. 116Standing Committeesa permanent committee that meets regularly.
  117. 117Joint Committeesa committee made up of members of both chambers of a bicameral legislature.
  118. 118Gerrymanderingmanipulate the boundaries of (an electoral constituency) so as to favor one party or class.
  119. 119Petitiona formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause.
  120. 120Commander in Chiefa head of state or officer in supreme command of a country's armed forces.
  121. 121Filibusteran action such as a prolonged speech that obstructs progress in a legislative assembly while not technically contravening the required procedures.
  122. 122Foreign Policya government's strategy in dealing with other nations.
  123. 123Reprievecancel or postpone the punishment of (someone, especially someone condemned to death).
  124. 124Pardona government decision to allow a person who has been convicted of a crime, to be free and absolved of that conviction, as if never convicted.
  125. 125Executive Departmentsthe primary units of the executive branch of the Federal government of the United States.The executive departments are the administrative arms of the President of the United States. There are currently 15 executive departments.
  126. 126Income Taxtax levied by a government directly on income, especially an annual tax on personal income.
  127. 127Federal Debtthe total amount of money that the U.S. federal government owes to its creditors.
  128. 128Mediathe means of communication, as radio and television, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet, that reach or influence people widely
  129. 129Biasprejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.
  130. 130Propangandainformation, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.
  131. 131Probable Causereasonable grounds (for making a search, pressing a charge, etc.).
  132. 132Search Warranta legal document authorizing a police officer or other official to enter and search premises.
  133. 133Civil Rightsthe rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.
  134. 134Capital Punishmentsthe legally authorized killing of someone as punishment for a crime.
  135. 135Current Candidatesnominated for election and has potential of winning
  136. 136Republican PartyA political party that began in 1854 and is today one of the two major political parties in the United States. Originally, it was composed mainly of northerners from both major parties of the time, the Democrats and the Whigs, with some former Know-Nothings as well.
  137. 137Democratic PartyOne of the two major political parties in the United States; the Democrats. The origins of the Democrats are in the Democratic-Republican party, organized by Thomas Jefferson in the late eighteenth century; the first president elected simply as a Democrat was Andrew Jackson.
  138. 138Gun Controlregulation of the selling, owning, and use of guns
  139. 139Immigrationthe action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.
  140. 140ISISa terrorist group in Iraq.
  141. 141Total # of House of Representatives435
  142. 142Total # of Senators100
  143. 143Vice Presidentan official or executive ranking below and deputizing for a president.
  144. 144Secretaries of Departmenta government official in charge of a department.
  145. 145Total # of departments15

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These are the terms and definitions for the U.S. Government/OK History Final (Part 2).
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Anthony Vang
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