Flashcards
Week 5: Mononuclear Phagocytic System
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1What was the previous name of the mononuclear phagocytic system.The reticulo-endothelial system. We don't call it this any more because it has nothing to do with endothelium.
- 2What is the mononuclear phagocytic system?The mononuclear phagocytic system is a network of phagocytic cells and includes the tissues that contain them. These phagocytic cells also work as part of the immune system.
- 3What functions does the mononuclear phagocytic system have?- helps develop and destroy red blood cells and white blood cells
- stores iron
- clears heparin
- forms platelets and bile pigments - 4How does the mononuclear phagocytic system relate to lymphatic tissue?A lot of the cells in the MPS are located in the lymphatics.
- 5What are the four basic principles of the lymphatic system?1. lymph nodes cluster in regions
2. lymph fluid contains reabsorbed interstitial fluid (similar to plasma) and white blood cells
3. lymphatics are similar t capillaries in structure
4. lymphatics generally follow veins and fluid is returned to the cardiovascular system through veins - it is a predictable pathway - 6What are the 3 functions of lymph nodes?1. filter lymph
2. receive antigen from circulating cells
3. stimulate B cells to produce antibodies - 7What is the anatomy of a lymph node?
- 8How does lymph function work with its anatomy?The lymph, carrying APCs, enters the capsule through an afferent lymphatic vessel. The follicle has antigen presented to it. The B cells proliferate towards the cortex. At the cortex we find mature, antibody-secreting B cells which are released into the blood.
- 9What are 3 classes of disease of the lymph node we need to learn in this unit?1. inflammatory
2. neoplastic
3. infectious diseases - 10What is lymphadenopathy?Lymphadenopathy constitutes a few things:
1. multiplications of cells within the node: lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes, histiocytes, can be normal (reactive) or abnormal
2. draining of an increased number of cells into lymph nodes: e.g. from abscesses
3. infiltration of cells from outside the node: e.g. a malignancy - 11Name 3 types of inflammatory complications with lymph nodes1. Reactive lymphadenitis: normal function of the lymph node during disease, can be exaggerated
2. Acute lymphadenitis: acute inflammation of the lymph node, short time course, nodes will be tender/sore
3. Chronic lymphadenitis: chronic inflammation of the lymph node, long time course, nodes will not be tender or sore - 12Name some neoplastic complications that can occur within lymph nodes- lymphoma
- leukaemia
- myeloma
- metastases - 13Where is the spleen situated in the body?The spleen is in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, situated below the rib cage. It is partially mobile and surrounded by a flexible, fibroelastic capsule.
- 14Anterior to the spleen?Posterior wall of the stomach
- 15Posterior to the spleen?left part of the diaphragm
- 16Inferior to the spleen?Splenic flexure of the left colon
- 17Medial (in line with) the spleen?the left kidney
- 18What is the hilum of the spleen and what does it contain?The hilum controls the blood flow in and out of the spleen and contains the splenic artery and the splenic vein.
- 19What are the four functions of the spleen?1. Filter the blood and remove damaged red cells and bacterial particles via red pulp macrophages
2. Antibody production - B1 cells in the white pulp
3. Haematopoiesis (during fetal development and compensatory in settings where extra haematopoiesis is needed)
4. Sequestration (trapping) of blood, too much can lead to splenomegaly - 20What is the internal anatomy of the spleen?
- 21Name 2 congenital diseases of the spleen- having an accessory spleen (splenunculus)
- hypoplasia/aplasia - 22Name 4 acquired complications of the spleen1. splenomegaly
2. trauma/rupture
3. infarct
4. neoplasms: leukaemia, myeloma, lymphoma - 23What is hypersplenism?Having an overactive spleen. This can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to another issue.
- 24What can hypersplenism be secondary to?- infection
- alcohol
- portal hypertension
- systemic inflammatory disorders
- malignancy of the spleen
- autoimmune haemolytic anaemia etc.
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- IMED2002 (Blood) Flashcards on Week 5: Mononuclear Phagocytic System, created by Allira Payne on 13/06/2018.
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- Allira Payne
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