Flashcards
English - Language Analysis
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1IntroductionIssue - State issue in general without mentioning the article you're analyzing
Publication - Newspaper, date, title, type
Contention
Main Arguments
Images
Target Audience - Intended audience
Tone - make broad statement but include in body paragraphs for shifts
Eg ; In Victoria, the government has passed laws and is slowly tightening restrictions on smoking (ISSUE). Maintaining a informed and reasoned tone (TONE), Mark King (AUTHOR) contends in his opinion piece (TYPE) 'Banning smoking is undemocratic' (TITLE) that (CONTENTION). King intends to persuade (TARGET AUDIENCE) that... - 2VisualsBriefly discuss the background info of the debates context
Identify and describe the object/subject
Expression - take notice of the positioning of things in the foreground, background
Dialogue - size, font, significant contrasts
Color - the contrast - 3BODY PARAGRAPHSIdentify the persuasive technique
Intended effect of the persuasive technique
How does it persuade the target audience - 4ConclusionDon't make it contain all the persuasive techniques instead, just identify the authors expected response from readers
Example conclusion:
As a result of the author's ___ and ___ tone, they expect a ___ response/reaction from (target audience) which in turn, will encourage them to (something that supports the authors argument) - 5REMEMBER for extra marksnote specific groups being targeted
locate key ideas/arguments and THEN strategies (persuasive techniques)
identify the tone at key moments
There is usually a shift in tone at least once throughout the piece... MENTION IT - 6TonePositive - appreciative, convincing, passionate, respectful, enthusiast
Powerful/Strong - conservative, controlled, forceful, outraged, astonished
Negative - arrogant, disappointed, insulting, superior, threatening
Ironical - mocking, sarcastic, scornful
Useful - apologetic, formal, neutral, reasonable, regretful - 7Writers present certain claims by _______________________ a particular ideamagnifying
promoting
proposing
repeating
supporting - 8Writers argue against peoples opinions by _____________________________ their ideas, their relevance to the debate or them personallyattacking
criticising
dismissing
mocking
provoking opposition to
downplaying the significant of
revealing the flaws in - 9In attempt to persuade or manipulate the reader, writers may also ________________________________appeal to our sense of...
evoke our sense of outrage
exaggerate
seek out unflagging support
urge readers to
use shock tactics
include us in the debate - 10Range of verbs to use to pinpoint how writers persuadeAccentuate
demonstrate
elicit
encourage
enhance
exemplify
promote
reflect
signify
undermine
underpin - 11Linking wordsFurthermore,...
In addition to...
In contrast,...
However,...
In a similar fashion,... - 12Alliteration Repetition of a consonant especially at the start or words 'Rapid Rise in Rail station Robberies'How it persuades:
Gains attention; often in headlines
Draws attention to key words
Not persuasive on its own but can be when its used with other persuasive techniques
Sample analysis:
The use of alliteration in the headline gives it an urgent, insistent tone, underscoring the seriousness of the increase in crime at train stations - 13Appeal to authority Uses the opinion of an expert to impress audience or to prove a point 'Professor Trans extensive research in this area leaves little doubt that...'How it persuades:
Reassures the reader that the writers viewpoint is shared by someone with expert knowledge which influences the reader to respond positively and agree
Sample analysis:
The writers viewpoint is endorsed by professor train, who clearly has status and expertise in this field. This positions the reader to give the viewpoint serious consideration, since specialised knowledge reassures the reader that the info supporting this view is reliable - 14Appeal to common sense Common sense is piratically everyday knowledge that is accepted as obvious therefore true 'The AU medical association said it was common sense that a ban would work'How it persuades:
Pressures the reader to agree by implying that anyone who disagrees lacks practical intelligence and cannot see what is self evident
Sample analysis:
The AMA appeals to common sense in order to dismiss objections to a ban on advertising junk food during childrens TV viewing times. This leads the reader to feel that a ban is an effective approach without needing to see any further evidence, because AMA is a reliable and authoritative group. - 15Appeal to the hip-pocket nerve threatens our financial well-being because we fear of believe that we are being overcharged or ripped off 'Who funds the ABC? That's right, we do. If the show's creators can think of no better use for OUR money than to spend it on puerile nonsense, then its time to give it the chop'How it persuades:
Incites strong emotions eg anger at being overcharged or because money is being misused.
Positions the reader to reject the views of those who want to raise prices, fees
Sample analysis:
The speaker appeals to the hip pocket nerve to make us feel that public money, which the writer identifies as 'OUR money', is being wasted on something entirely unworthy. The reader is likely to feel outraged and protective of these funds, thus positioning them to think that the program should be axed - 16Appeal to loyalty and patriotism Assumes a commitment to our group, a love of our country, that old ways of doing things should be highly valued 'Don't let your community down - you owe it a helping hand so it can help you in the future'How it persuades:
Positions the reader to agree with actions that will benefit the nation or group
Can arouse feelings of anger or fear that positions people to take action to support a group or cause
Sample analysis:
The writer appeals to the readers sense of loyalty in order to provoke them into doing something positive for their community. The reader is positioned to feel a sense of obligation to support the community, which is designed to generate a desire to take action - 17Attacks and praise Attack: belittle or denigrate an individual or group Praise: presents a person or group as outstanding, attractive etc 'Nearly six months after the fires, people living in leaky caravans are being asked to pay at least $25 a week rent. This appalling example of bureaucratic insensitivity is to recoup costs for the Departnebt if Human services...'How it persuades:
Attack: positions us to think badly of the person and therefore to dismiss their ideas or viewpoint
Praise: makes us admire or like the person/group and therefore agrees with their ideas
Sample Analysis:
The writer attacks the Department of human services for taking rent from bush fire victims. Victims caravans are described as 'leaky' which is likely to engender sympathy in the reader. The generosity of the public is contrasted with the Department, positioning the reader to feel that the Department is behaving callously by prioritizing money over people - 18Evidence the use of facts and figures to provide rational, scientific proof as the basis for a substantiated point of view 'federal funding for private schools will increase from 5.8 billion to 7.5 billion over the next five years. Funding to private schools will rise from 3.1 billion to 3.4 billion over the next five years. Shame on us'How it persuades:
Positions the reader to view the writers argument as more convincing because it appears to be objective and reliable
Sample analysis:
Devs use of figures supports his view that private schools receive excessive government funding, and that there is a widening gap between the funding levels for private and public schools. Her argument is made to seem even more compelling by omission of the main source of government funding for public schools - the states. - 19Inclusive language Uses we, our, us etc to include the readers in the same group as the writer. Assumes that everyone in the group shares the writers viewpoint 'we all know that...'How it persuades:
The reader is positioned to agree with the writer because it appeals to their desire to belong to the group of plays on their fears of being left out or regarded as an outsider
Sample Analysis:
Songs use of inclusive language invites the reader to share her optimism for the future and her belief that a new approach to problem solving is needed. Both the problems and the solutions in our hands, creating a sense of shared involvement and ownership - 20Repetition Using the same word or phrase and idea several times adds emphasis 'its a simple choice, a simple plan, a simple solution'How it persuades:
Increases the impact of a main point and so engages the readers attention.
Can produce a more urgent or insistent tone, encouraging the reader to agree
Sample Analysis:
The repetition of vision reinforces a central idea promoted by the Greens - that there is a vision for the future rather than being focused on the short term gain. It also allows different aspects of this vision to be highlighted which encourages us to regard the party favorably and as a worthy of our vote - 21Rhetorical question A question with an implied but unstated answer - used purely for effect 'How can we be expected to abandon our cars...?'How it persuades:
Suggests that the answer is self evident and therefore the reader must agree with it . Directly addresses the reader as a way of engaging their agreement
Sample analysis:
Herbs rhetorical question positions the reader to agree that the public transport system needs to be fixed. The questions internal logic - the idea that we should use out cars less by making greater use of trains, buses and trams- implies that the need for an efficient public transport system is obvious
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- Flashcards on English - Language Analysis , created by fanfanrox on 12/10/2014.
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- fanfanrox · Oct 2014
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- Feb 19, 2016
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