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Cards in this deck (28)
- 1Define physical agentsModalities in Therapy that help to reach client goals. Works with physical dysfunction and movement disorders
- 2Name the 4 main goals when it comes to Physical Agents1. decrease pain
2.increase wound repair
3.increase tissue repair
4.used in conduction with other modalities - 3Name the changes that happen to a person when a physical agent is applied1. skin colour
2. palpation of body are, subjective/objective
3.subjective response of the patient - 4Name the 5 ways heat is transformed into the tissues1.conduction
2.convection
3.conversion
4.radiation
5.evaporation - 5Name the 3 physiological effects of heat1. increased metabolism
2.incresed blood flow
3. stimulation of nerve endings in soft tissue - 6What methods are used to apply heat and cold?ice brushing
contrast bath
ice massage
hydroculator
whirl pool
heat pack
ice pack - 7Name the precautions to Heat1. pregnancy
2. menstruation
3. Altered sensation
4. pace maker
5. very young/old
6. bleeding and edema - 8Name contraindication to Heat1. fever
2. open wounds
3. acute inflammation
4. blood clot
5. allergic reaction - 9Name 5 precautions for COLD1. altered sensation
2. poor circulation
3. cardiac problems
4. open wounds
5. cold sensitivity - 10Define PainUnpleasant sensory, emotional, physical experience that may happen due to damaged tissues
- 11Name the 8 types of Pain1. referred
2.chronic
3. acute
4.superficial
5.deep
6. neuropathic
7. physiological
8.dysfunctional - 12Define referred painpain that is distant to the source
- 13what are pain receptors1. response to the peripheral structures of the body
2. influenced by personal values, beliefs, traditions
3. felt consciously through the CNS to the cortex - 14compare and contrast deep pain vs superficial paindeep- unmylientated B and C fibers, slow conduction, numerous synapse, deep pressure
Superficial- mylinated A-delta fibers, minimal synapses, sharp and well localized
Same- types of pain, physiotherapy assistants see clients that come to the clinic with both, unpleasant sensory, both lead to chronic pain - 15Illustrate the Pain cycle 5 different levels1. pain
2. guarding
3. muscle spasm
4. muscle function
5. physical/psychological dysfunction - 16what is the pain assessment used for?assess the level of pain and individual is experiencing through: charts, analogues, questionnaires, body diagrams
- 17Name the most to least sensitive tissues in the body 4 different stages1. joint capsule, peristeum
2. ligaments, tendons, subchondrial bone
3. cortical bone, muscle
4. synovial, articular cartilage - 18What is the main goal for managing pain?Prevent chronic pain
- 19name the 4 neurotransmitters that inhibit the passage of pain: What helps to activate theses:1. serotonin
2. enkophalins
3. norephinephrine
4. endorphins - 20Define the Pain Gate theoryMelzack and Wall-1965
-At the spinal cord level stimulation is transmitted through c fibers. When the gate is open the pain is transmitted, when the gate is closed (stimulation of A delta) the pain is not transmitted - 21Define the Central Biasing TheoryThe thalamus and brainstem affect the dorsal horn gating with release of encephalin, works with conjunction with the pain gate way
- 22Explain the Beta Endorphin Medicationmedication that the body makes through itself it is like the use of Morphine, anterior pituitary gland releases endogenous opoid, hypothalamus releases beta-endoyphine, and medulla releases dynophrin
- 23Define TENSTranscutaneous electrical nervous stimulation
- 24what is Tens used for?-Non addictive way to decrease pain
-relax the area that is hurting
- prevent the onset of chronic pain - 25Name the 3 types of Tens that are used in Physiotherapy1. conventional
2. low frequency (acupuncture like)
3. hyper stimulation (burst) - 26Name the 3 secondary effects of TENS1. sedation
2. drug with drawl
3. increase tissue temp - 27Name the precautions when using TENS1. pregnancy
2. eyes
3. malignancy
4. blood pressure problems
5. alcohol problems
6. open wounds
7. sensitive to tape or gel - 28What should the PTA teach the client for home application of Tens1. proper wear and where it should be positioned
2. what to do if something breaks
3. how to clean it properly
4. when to return it
5. who to contact if something goes wrong
6. next check up with it
7. how to record usage
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- college PHTA 215 Flashcards on Untitled, created by laressa.mcglynn on 27/10/2014.
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