Flashcards
Syntax Midterm
Cards in this deck (30)
- 1Universal GrammerInnate knowledge of language in the human brain, determine basic properties of language, a specialized toolbox that languages use (a part of it)
- 2Organization of Universal GrammerLexicon → Syntax → PF & LF
(Phonological form & Logical form) - 3Lexical ItemsItems in lexicon, words, and morphemes
- 4EmbeddingClause Ais a proper part of a bigger clause B → A is embedded in B
- 5Metrix VerbThe verb in the main clause
- 6RecursiveEmbedding one clause inside another, reason why humans produce sentences of indefinite lengths, make human language a powerful tool
- 7Lexical CategoryTheoretical counterpart of a part of speech in traditional grammar (V, N, A, P, Adv, D)
- 8Thematic RolesTypes of semantic relations between a lexical word and its arguments
- 9AgentActive participant of an event
- 10ExperiencerPerceiver of an event
- 11PatientPassive participant
- 12ThemeA participant that undergoes a change
- 13Goal/BenefactiveParticipent benefitting in the event
- 14ArgumentConstituent that functions as the subject or object
- 15ConstituentWord or group of words that functions as a unit in syntax
- 16Theta CriterionEvery theta role is assigned to one and only one argument; every argument receives one and only one theta role.
- 17Constituency TestA construction that checks whether a given string of words forms a unit.
- 18HeadCore word that determines the category of the phrase as well as its basic semantics
- 19RecursionProperty of a constituent embedded in another constituent of the same category
- 20Structural AmbiguityDifferent ways a constituent is grouped with other constituents
- 21Lexical AmbiguityMultiple lexical meanings of a particular word form
- 22DominanceA node X dominates a node Y if the constituent represented by X contains the constituent represented by Y.
- 23C-commandyou command your siblings and their offsprings (think about a tree), always work from top to bottom, never bottom up. Siblings c-command each other. C-command is transitive.
- 24Complementary DistributionSeveral constituents compete for the same spot. One spot is automatically occupied by one constituent so that others will not show up at the same spot, like 2 species have the same niche, then one has to go extinct.
- 25Spec, adjunct, complementTypes of positions inside a phrase. The adjunct position is recursive, and is therefor also optional in X’ structures. The complement position must be marked in X’ structure, even if there is no complement in the phrase. The spec is unique.
- 26Inflectional MorphemesA different form of the word I.E. Plural -s, progressive -ing (no change in part of speech)
- 27Derivational MorphemesAn affix that changes the roots part of speech
- 28Selectional RestrictionDescribes a relation between two heads
- 29Finite ClauseHas a tense
- 30non-Finite ClauseHas no tense (infinitive)
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- Flashcards on Syntax Midterm, created by Ibrahim Suleiman on 17/10/2018.
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- Ibrahim Suleiman
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