Flashcards
Memory 1 - Psychology
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1AO1 - Memory 1 - Multi-store model- Memory based on time and space
-Sensory story
Storage: All immediate surroundings
Durations: a few seconds
-transfer when you pay attention
-Short-term:
Storage: 7 +/-2 chunks
Duration: 10-20 seconds
-Tranfer by maintenance rehearsal.
Long term memory
Storage: Unlimited
Duration: Unlimited
2 ways memories are lost: displacement - info shunted out after more important come in
Decay- info fades over time after being left to long - 2A criticism of the multi-store model-Reductionist
-Over simplifies the role of the STM and LTM
-E.G. LTM May have several functions such as organising information and their may be many types - 3AnotherOveremphasises the role of rehersal
-Says that memory’s only transfer to the LTM if you rehearse it however memories with meaning don’t need rehearsing
-E.G. Emotional memories -Wedding day - 4#3-Ignores individual differences
-People may be better or worse that’s the fixed guideline of the STM
-E.G. Derren Brown a magician who’s trained himself to remember - 5State and Define the processes of data encodingInput- The process of data entry
Encoding - Tranfeeing info from one form to another that the brain can understand (electrical impulses)
-Storage- retaining informations to be used at a later date
-Retrieval: getting the information and moving it to be output when needed
-Output the use of stored info e.g speaking - 6Process of forgettingAccessibility problems - Info is still in the LTM but can’t be retrieved there and then. Need a cue to remember
Availability problem - Information is no longer in the LTM - 7Key conceptsDecay- Fades over time due to lack of use
Displacement- Old info shunted out by new info (only STM)
Hippocampus- Area of the Brain linked to amnesia. If removed may lead to anterograde amnesia
Cue-Trigger of info to access a memory
Retrieval failure- explain forgetting based of lack of cues
Retrograde amnesia- Can’t recall old memories from LTM from before amnesia (FRONTAL LOBE)
Anterograde amnesia- Patient unable to form new memories after the amnesia formed (Hippocampus)
Procedural- LTM responsible for motor skills (Cerebellum) - 8Aim of William et al study (CW)To document the neuropsychological assessments and psychological evaluation of CW who suffered retrograde and anterograde amnesia.
- 9Procedure of Williams et al-Longitudinal case study
-Clive Wearing
-Loss of episodic and semantic Memory
-1985- decreases IQ and LTM
-1991- MRI scan abnormality in hippocampus life region and amygdala
-2001 - little change
-Believe he was unconscious before the accident - 10Results of Williams et al-Suffered marked brain abnormalities: retrograde and anterograde amnesia: couldn’t tranfer from STM TO LTM
-reported he believed he was unconscious before but authors believe this was a coping mechanism rather than delusion - 11Conclusion of Williams et Al-Damage to hippocampus and limbic regions impact social and cognitive interactions and cause both amnesia’s
-Viral infection encephalitis can cause damage to the brain and abnormalities - 12Criticism of Williams et alSmall sample so may affect other differently. Damage in hippocampus and limbic regions cause both amnesia’s may not for everyone. Not enough people to study
- 13Another criticism of Williams et al-Case studies and thorough so researchers may become more involved and not objective
-E.G gotten too involved and gone bias in research CW may be delusional but sympathise with him so deny - 14Final criticism-Case studies are unreliable
-Situation difficult to replicate
-E.G not many suffer from both amnesia’s
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- Flashcards on Memory 1 - Psychology, created by Taylor Hacker on 06/11/2018.
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- Taylor Hacker
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