Flashcards
Normative Ethics PHI 115 Review
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1Virtue Ethics-Aristotle
-hubris=excess
-respected values: TEMPERANCE, courage, honesty
-problems: how do you know someone is moral? - 2Divine Command Theory-relative to the will of god
-problems: which god? atheism? people interpret religion differently - 3The Golden Rule-Pos: do to other what you want done to you
-Neg: don't do to others what you don't want done to you
-problem: not everyone wants the same thing - 4Determinism-there is no free will
-everything is determined by society or biological (character) reasons
-rejects actions that are beyond understanding - 5Deontology-focuses on the motives behind an action
- 6Kantianism (general)-The Good Will: the only pure intention
-all qualities have the chance to become immoral - 7First Formulation of the Categorical ImperativeUniversal: would the action still be moral (okay) if everyone did the same?
- 8Second Formulation of the Categorical ImperativeAct only on rules where you are treating people as ends to themselves, not as means to an end (don't use people as tools for your own gain)
- 9Fatalism-determinism + free will
-to be able to do what you want
-the "wanting" = determinism
-how you act upon those wants = free will
-ex. Oedipus - 10Utilitarianism-J Bentham, JS Mills
-Principle of Utility: an action is the right one if it makes the greatest number of people as happy as possible
-atonaxia: absence of soul trouble
-aponia: absence of body trouble - 11Epicurism-people are aiming at their own pleasure
-natural necessary (food), natural unnecessary (better food), and unnatural unnecessary (money) pleasures - 12Act Utilitarianism-an act is moral if there is no action that would produce equal or greater happiness
-emphasizes the effects on future generations and makes all people equal (big problem) - 13Nietzsche-master morality: the upper class, educated, values art and creation, despises common folk
-slave morality: pities themselves, "progressive", values a comfortable + safe life - 14Arendt-banality of evil: good people get mixed up in evil
-evil is from complacency and mediocrity
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- Flashcards on Normative Ethics PHI 115 Review, created by Maddy . on 14/12/2018.
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- Maddy .
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