Flashcards
Phlebotomy Review Module I Lecture I
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1What is it called when microbes or toxins are in the blood?Sepsis
- 2How do you treat sepsis? Name some of them.Antiseptics
Isopropyl alcohol (isoproanol)
Providone-iodine - 3Fomites can be avoided by using what? Name the most commonly used item.Disinfectants, bleach
- 4What is the different between an antiseptic and a disinfectant?An antiseptic prevents/inhibits growth. Used on flesh
A disinfectant kills organisms. Used on objects - 5Why should hand sanitizers be used sparingly?They can help microbes to build resistance
- 6Whenever you have finished a draw, what type of materials should be used to cover the puncture wound? Are there any precautions?A folded piece of gauze should be used to cover the wound and medical tape applied. Band-aids can be used but are discouraged because of choking in youth and tearing of skin on the elderly. Cotton bolls should be avoided to reduce platelet disruption.
- 7Tourniquets restrict ____ flow, not ____ flow.venous, arterial
- 8NAme the three different types of needlesHypodermic (syringe)
Butterfly
Multisample (ETS use) - 9Describe the relationship of gauge and the lumen (space inside of the needle)Inverse relationship. The larger the gauze, the small the needle; the smaller the gauge the larger the needle
- 10What is CPD and what is it used in?Citrate Phosphate Dextrose. IT is used in blood unit bags
- 11What colors are associated with 22, 21, and 20 gauge needles, and what are each used for?22 = black = smaller veins
21 = green = standard
20 = yellow = larger bore - 12What does an anticoagulant do?It keeps blood from clotting.
- 13What are the types of anticoagulants used and how do they workEDTA, Sodium citrate, acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose, Potassium oxalate, Heparin
Most chelate calcium to prevent it from participating in the clotting process, interrupting the clotting cascade.
Heparin inhibits thrombin, disallowing the formation of a clot. - 14What makes EDTa a useful anticoagulant?It preserves cell morphology and inhibits platelet aggregation
- 15What tubes use EDTA? Special considerations?Lavender, pink, royal blue (with lavender labeling), tan,.
Must invert 6-8 times - 16What tubes are Na+ citrate used in? Any special considerations?Light blue, sometimes black.
Must use 9:1 ratio to ensure proper mixing.
Must reach line but not exceed it
Preserves coagulation factors
Only use 3-4 inversions - 17What tubes are heparin in? Special considerations?Green, light green
Preferred for potassium tests to reduce potassium creation in clotting process.
Comes in three types: lithium, sodium, and heparin. Lithium Hep should not be used for a lithium test; sodium hep should not be used for a sodium test - 18What is potassium oxalate used in? Special considerations?Gray top tubes, used for glucose, lactic acid, and alcohol.
Glucose normally requires a fast, alcohol must use alcohol-free antiseptics - 19What is ACD, what is it used in, special consdierations?Acid Citrate Dextrose. Yellow tube. Used for human leukocyte antigen phenotyping, for paternity and donor compatability
Dextrose feeds the RBCs - 20What is CPD, what is it used in, special consideraitons?Citrate Phosphate Dextrose. Blood bag units. Phosphate stabilizes pH and dextrose (sugar) gives energy. Uses chelating.
- 21What is SPS, what is it used for, and special considerations?Sodium polyanethol sulfate. Yellow tube for microbiology. USed for cultures. Reduces protein that destroys bacteria and slows down phagocytosis (leukocytes disgesting bacteria).
8 inversions a must - 22What is sodium fluoride, what tube is it in, special considerations?An antiglyoclyitc agent, used in gray top tubes with potassium oxalate and sometimes EDTA. Prevents glycolysis
5-10 inversions - 23Name the Order of Draw and tell why it is important1. SPS/Cultures
2. Light Blue
3. Red Family (Red, Gold, Mottled, Orange)
4. Heparin family (Green, Light Green)
5. EDTA family (Lavender, Pink, White, Pearl)
6. Gray
The order of draw is important to prevent reuptake of blood and therefore mixing additives in different tubes. Contamination can also occur from thromboplastin or microbes. - 24What is the difference between Serum, Plasma, and Whole Blood? Which Tubes yield which?Serum is the fluid portion of blood that does not contain fibrinogen (used to reate clot)
Plasma is the fluid portion of blood that does contain fibrinogen.
Whole blood is blood that has not been centrifuged and normally mixed with formed elements and plasma.
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- Flashcards on Phlebotomy Review Module I Lecture I, created by Alisha Whelan on 06/01/2019.
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