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Networking 1 Chapter 1 Study Guide

Incremental Earth English 51 cards

Networking 1 Chapter 1 Study Guide

Cards in this deck (51)

  1. 1What is the IoE or Internet of Everything?The Internet and everything that uses it and that's incorporated in it
  2. 2What is the human network?A social structure that involves the communication of humans with other humans through the use of technology
  3. 3List some of the forms of communications that can be accessed by a global audienceInstant messaging(IM) and texting
    Social media
    Collaboration tools
    Weblogs(blogs)
    Wikis
    Podcasting
    Peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing
  4. 4What is a SOHO or Small Office/Home Office?A privately owned business or somebody that's self-employed. Considered the smallest of the smallest businesses, typically used wired Ethernet for network communications
  5. 5What does the term Internet mean?A global connection of communication between servers and networking devices that follow standardized communication protocols
  6. 6What is the simplest peer-to-peer network?When two or more PCs are connected and share resources without going through a separate server computer
  7. 7What are the advantages of peer-to-peer networking?1.It's easier to set up
    2.The peer to peer network is less expensive
    3.All nodes act as a server as well as a client therefore there's no need of a dedicated server
    4.Takes less time to configure and implement
    5.Doesn't require a dedicated server computer. Any computer on the network can function as both a network server and a user workstation.
  8. 8What are the disadvantages of peer-to-peer networking?1.A computer can be accessed anytime
    2.Network security has to be applied to each computer separately
    3.Backup has to be performed on each computer separately
    4.No centralized server is available to manage and control the access of data
    5.Users have to use separate passwords on each computer in the network
    6.As with most network systems, unsecured and unsigned codes may allow remote access to files on a victim's computer or even compromise the entire network
  9. 9List the three network infrastructure categories of network components?End devices, Intermediary devices, and Network media
  10. 10List examples of intermediary network devices1.switches
    2.wireless access points (network access)
    3.routers (internetworking)
    4.firewalls (security).
  11. 11Processes running on the intermediary network devices perform what functions?1.Regenerate and retransmit data signals
    2.Maintain information about which pathways exist through the network and internetwork
    3.Notify other devices of errors and communication failures
    4.Direct data along alternate pathways when there is a link failure
    5.Classify and direct messages according to QoS priorities
    6.Permit or deny the flow of data, based on security settings
  12. 12What is network media?The communication channels used to interconnect nodes on a computer network
  13. 13What are the three most common types of media?1.metallic wires within cables
    2.glass or plastic fibers (fiber optic cable)
    3.wireless transmission
  14. 14What are the criteria for choosing network media?1.The distance the media can successfully carry a signal
    2.The environment in which the media is to be installed
    3.The amount of data and the speed at which it must be transmitted
    4.The cost of the media and installation
  15. 15List and explain the basic types of network typology diagramsList and explain the basic types of network typology diagrams
  16. 16Explain the function of each of the device categories listed below: End Devices Intermediary Devices Network MediaEnd Devices are either the source or destination of data transmitted over the network.
    Intermediary devices interconnect end devices.
    Network Media is the actual path over which an electrical signal travels as it moves from one component to another.
  17. 17List the device name and check whether the component icon is an End Device, Intermediary Device, or Network MediaList the device name and check whether the component icon is an End Device, Intermediary Device, or Network MediaList the device name and check whether the component icon is an End Device, Intermediary Device, or Network Media
  18. 18Explain the two most common types of network infrastructuresLocal-area network (LAN): A network infrastructure that provides access to users and end devices in a small geographical area
    Wide-area network (WAN): A network infrastructure that provides access to other networks over a wide geographical area
  19. 19Explain the other types of networks availableMetropolitan-area network (MAN): A network infrastructure that spans a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN (e.g., a city). MANs are typically operated by a single entity, such as a large organization.
    Wireless LAN (WLAN): Similar to a LAN but wirelessly interconnects users and endpoints in a small geographical area.
    Storage-area network (SAN): A network infrastructure designed to support file servers and provide data storage, retrieval, and replication. It involves high-end servers, multiple disk arrays (called blocks), and Fibre Channel interconnection technology.
  20. 20Local Area Networks (LANs) are a network infrastructure that spans a small geographical area. Explain what specific features LANs include:LANs interconnect end devices in a limited area such as a home, school, office building, or campus.
    A LAN is usually administered by a single organization or individual. The administrative control that governs the security and access control policies is enforced on the network level.
    LANs provide high-speed bandwidth to internal end devices and intermediary devices
  21. 21Wide Area Networks (WANs) are a network infrastructure that spans a wide geographical area. WANs are typically managed by service providers (SP) or Internet Service Providers (ISP). Explain what specific features WANs include:WANs interconnect LANs over wide geographical areas such as between cities, states, provinces, countries, or continents.
    WANs are usually administered by multiple service providers.
    WANs typically provide slower-speed links between LANs.
  22. 22Explain what the Internet is?The Internet is a worldwide collection of interconnected networks (internetworks or the Internet for short), cooperating with each other to exchange information using common standards
  23. 23Explain the following terms: Intranet and ExtranetIntranet is a term often used to refer to a private connection of LANs and WANs that belongs to an organization, and is designed to be accessible only by the organization’s members, employees, or others who have authorization.
    An organization may use an extranet to provide secure and safe access to individuals who work for different organizations but require company data.
  24. 24List the most common way home users connect to the internet through an ISPDial-up Internet access
    DSL
    Cable Internet
    Ethernet
    Wi-Fi Internet
  25. 25Business-class internet is typically done through an SP; this may include?business DSL, leased lines, and Metro Ethernet.
  26. 26What internet connection options are commonly used by SOHO’s or Small Office-Home Office users?Cable
    DSL
    Cellular
    Satellite
    Dial-up Telephone
  27. 27Out of all the internet connection options which ones do not require a physical cable to be run to the building?Cellular and Satellite
  28. 28. Explain in detail the following common connection options for organizations. Dedicated Leased Line: Ethernet WAN: DSL: Satellite:Dedicated leased line: This is a dedicated connection from the service provider to the customer premises. Leased lines are actually reserved circuits that connect geographically separated offices for private voice and/or data networking. The circuits are typically rented at a monthly or yearly rate, which tends to make it expensive. In North America, common leased-line circuits include T1 (1.54 Mbps) and T3 (44.7 Mbps), whereas in other parts of the world they are available in E1 (2 Mbps) and E3 (34 Mbps).
    Metro Ethernet: Metro Ethernet is typically available from a provider to the customer premises over a dedicated copper or fiber connection providing bandwidth speeds of 10 Mbps to 10 Gbps. Ethernet over Copper (EoC) is more economical than fiber-optic Ethernet service in many cases, is quite widely available, and reaches speeds of up to 40 Mbps. However, EoC is limited by distance. Fiber-optic Ethernet service delivers the fastest connections available at an economical price per megabit. Unfortunately, there are still many areas where this service is unavailable.
    DSL: Business DSL
  29. 29Explain what a converged network isA single network with the capacity to carry a combination of data, voice and video traffic
  30. 30There are 4 basic characteristics that underlying network architectures need to address in order to meet user expectations. These are:Fault tolerance
    Scalability
    QoS
    Security
  31. 31Explain how network architecture that is built to be fault tolerantFault-tolerant networks depend on multiple paths between the source and destination of a message. If one path fails, the messages can be instantly sent over a different link. Having multiple paths to a destination is known as redundancyExplain how network architecture that is built to be fault tolerant
  32. 32What is redundancy?the inclusion of extra components which are not strictly necessary to functioning, in case of failure in other components
  33. 33Explain in how a Circuit-Switched Connection worksA temporary path, or circuit, was created for the duration of the telephone call. If any link or device in the circuit failed, the call was dropped. To reconnect, a new call had to be made, with a new circuit. This connection process is referred to as a circuit-switched process and is illustratedExplain in how a Circuit-Switched Connection works
  34. 34Explain in detail how a Packet-Switched Connection worksMany circuit-switched networks give priority to existing circuit connections at the expense of new circuit requests. After a circuit is established, even if no communication is occurring between the persons on either end of the call, the circuit remains connected and resources are used until one of the parties disconnects the call. Because there are only so many circuits that can be created, it is possible to get a message that all circuits are busy and a call cannot be placed. The cost to create many alternative paths with enough capacity to support a large number of simultaneous circuits, and the technologies necessary to dynamically re-create dropped circuits in the event of a failure, are why circuit-switched technology was not optimal for the Internet
  35. 35What is scalability within a network infrastructure?the ability to accept new products and applications
  36. 36What is Quality of Service?a network’s ability to achieve maximum bandwidth and deal with other network performance elements like latency, error rate and uptime
  37. 37There are two types of network security concerns that must be addressed. List and explain bothnetwork infrastructure security:
    Malware protection
    Passwords
    Monitoring and logging
    Remote access
    Mobile devices and removable media
    information security: protecting the information contained within the packets being transmitted over the network and the information stored on network-attached devices
  38. 38In order to achieve the goals of network security, there are three primary requirements. List and explain eachEnsuring confidentiality: Data confidentiality means that only the intended and authorized recipients individuals, processes, or devices can access and read data
    Maintaining communication integrity: Data integrity means having the assurance that the information has not been altered in transmission, from origin to destination
    Ensuring availability;Availability means having the assurance of timely and reliable access to data services for authorized users
  39. 39Explain Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)?It refers to employees who bring their own computing devices - such as smartphones, laptops and tablet PCs - to work with them and use them in addition to or instead of company-supplied devices
  40. 40What is cloud computing?The use of various services, such as software development platforms, servers, storage and software, over the internet, often referred to as the "cloud."
  41. 41What are the four primary types of clouds?Private cloud:provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units)
    Community cloud:provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations)
    Public cloud:provisioned for open use by the general public
    Hybrid cloud:a composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities, but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load balancing between clouds)
  42. 42What is a data center used for?that centralizes an organization's IT operations and equipment, as well as where it stores, manages, and disseminates its data. Data centers house a network's most critical systems and are vital to the continuity of daily operations
  43. 43What is smart home technology?It provides homeowners security, comfort, convenience and energy efficiency by allowing them to control smart devices, often by a smart home app on their smartphone or other networked device
  44. 44What is powerline networking?Its essentially a wired network with (mostly) hidden wires. For Ex: using an electrical wire for electricity and for the use as an ethernet cable at the same time
  45. 45What is a Wireless Internet Service Provider (WISP)?An Internet service provider (ISP) that allows subscribers to connect to a server at designated hot spots (access points) using a wireless connection such as Wi-Fi
  46. 46Where are WISPs commonly found?They're more commonly found in rural environments where DSL or cable services are not available
  47. 47Another wireless solution for the home and small businesses is wireless broadband. Explain this technologyIt's a high-speed Internet and data service delivered through a wireless local area network (WLAN) or wide area network (WWAN)
  48. 48Why should network security be implemented in multiple layers?Each of the protective layers focuses specifically on protecting an area where attacks could happen, thus making the defense as strong as possible everywhere—which is another reason why it’s better than a single security solution
  49. 49At a minimum, home or small office network security should include what options?Antivirus and antispyware: To protect user devices from malicious software
    Firewall filtering:To block unauthorized access to the network
  50. 50What other security options should larger networks include?Dedicated firewall system:
    Access control lists (ACL):
    Intrusion prevention system (IPS):
    Virtual private network (VPN):
  51. 51Define the following terms: a.Firewall b.Zero-Day Attack c.Virus, Worm, or Trojan d.Access Control List (ACL) e.Denial of Servicea.An attack which slows down or crashes equipment and programs
    b.Filters network access and data traffic
    c.Blocks unauthorized access to your network
    d.Network attack that occurs on the first day that a vulnerability becomes known
    e.Arbitrary code running on user devices

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Flashcards on Networking 1 Chapter 1 Study Guide, created by Incremental Earth on 07/02/2019.
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