Flashcards
Test 2 Review
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1What does inference mean?-To draw a conclusion from evidence
-The deriving of one idea from another
-Can proceed through either "induction" or "deduction." - 2What are the two kinds of arguments?-Deductive
-Non-Deductive (inductive) - 3What are Non-Deductive (inductive) arguments?An argument that depends on the strength of the premises to accept the conclusion. The premises do not prove but support argument.
- 4What are Deductive arguments?If the facts (premises) are true then the conclusion must be true.
- 5How should we treat the conclusion when dealing with deductive arguments?It shouldn't be stated initially and the reader should not jump to the conclusion when initially reading.
- 6What are two questions to ask when analyzing deductive arguments?-Are the premises true?
-Is the form of the argument valid?
(If yes to both, then argument is great!) - 7What are the questions to ask when analyzing a inductive argument?-Are the premises true or acceptable?
-Are the premises relevant to the issue?
-Are the premises sufficient enough to justify the conclusion - 8Form an example of a deductive argument please.P1: My computer is electric.
P2: My phone is electirc.
C: Therefore, my phone is a computer. - 9Form an example of an inductive argument, please <3.P1: This juice is made by Oasis
P2: This juice is apple juice
C: All Juice made by Oasis is apple juice - 10What is generalization?Making a general claim about something based on specific evidence about that something.
To draw a conclusion about something small to something greater. - 11What are the quantities and qualities of a generalization?-Quantities
.Sample
.Population
.Sufficient sample size or insufficient sample
-Qualities
.Representative sample or unrepresentative sample - 12Define quality in terms of generalization.Variability of the items in the same
- 13Define quantities in terms of generalization.Frequency of the items in the sample
- 14How might we recognize bias in a sample?If the sample is strictly in some area then it's generalized in an unrelated area elsewhere.
- 15What is the criteria for assessing generalizations?-Based on evidence and is it identified?
-Observations systematic and have they been organized rather than anecdotally thought?
-State population and sample
(is it clearly identified and easily inferred?)
-Sample representative of population?
-Sample size sufficient?
-Biases?
-Over-generalized? - 16What is causal reasoning?Drawing a connection between two states and inferring that one causes the other.
- 17—
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- MODR 1770 Flashcards on Test 2 Review, created by Jonathan Bugeya Miller on 12/02/2019.
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- Jonathan Bugeya Miller
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