16931605
| Question | Answer |
| What features of the Treaty of Versailles were shared by the other peace treaties of 1919–20? (4) | All around Paris War Guilt / Reparations Loss of Land (give examples) Military restrictions (examples) |
| What were the territorial terms of the Treaty of Saint Germain? (4) | Broke up Habsburg Empire No Anschluss with Germany Bohemia & Moravia to Czechoslovakia Austrian Silesia to Poland Bosnia & Herzegovina to Yugoslavia |
| Describe the restrictions imposed on the German land forces by the Treaty of Versailles. (4) | Army limited to 100,000 No General Staff (war planners) No tanks or aircraft No German troops to be stationed in the Rhineland (demilitarisation) |
| What were the effects of the Treaty of Trianon on Hungary? (4) | Broke up Habsburg Empire (along with Treaty of St Germain) Massive loss of land - Slovakia to Czechoslovakia/ Transylvania to Romania Half the population other nationalities |
| What did Wilson hope to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919–20? (4) | A Peace based on his 14 points Self- determination (break up of European Empires) Peace - through World Disarmament (No more arms races) / League of Nations / Open diplomacy (no alliances like before WWI) |
| Why were the German people unhappy with the Treaty of Versailles? (6) | Exp 1 - military reasons. Restrictions left Germany vulnerable (provide detail) Exp 2 - Economic reasons (German economy weakened - reparations loss of Saarland fo 15 years) Exp 3 - Political reasons: War guilt (not proven) labels Germany / not able to join the League |
| Why was the work of the peacemakers at the Paris Peace Conference difficult? (6) | Big Picture- Attitudes of Big 3 influenced by wartime experience, made agreement difficult. Exp 1: Clemenceau’s search for security & revenge vs Wilson’s ‘leniency’ (provide detail) Exp 2: Clemenceau & Lloyd George. Differences over reparations (explain) |
| Why was the Treaty of Sèvres replaced by the Treaty of Lausanne? (6) | Exp 1: Nationalist outrage (under Mustapha Kemal) at loss of land esp to Greece e.g The loss of Smyrna to Greece - started War of Independence. Exp 2: Changing attitude of the Allies. Not in everyone’s interest to have region unstable & couldn’t face further conflict - compromise. |
| Why did the German people think the Treaty of Versailles was motivated by revenge? (6) | Exp 1: Blame - war guilt was seen as vindictive and merely a way to justify the extraction of reparations - it was never ‘proven’ just assumed. Ex 2: If self-determination was meant to be a guiding principle Germans felt it was poorly applied - 12.5 % of Germans living in foreign lands. Exp 3: If disarmament was meant to be a guiding principle, this too will poorly applied. (Provide detail). |
| Why was David Lloyd George unhappy with French aims at the peace treaty? (6) | Exp 1: economic reasons. realised that the future economic well-being of Britain depended largely upon the economic revival of Europe. This, in turn, depended upon the revival of the German economy. He felt that if France’s demand for the Rhineland to become an independent state materialised, then Germany would not be wealthy enough to buy British goods on the same scale as before the war because the Rhineland contained much of Germany’s industry.’ Exp 2: Political reasons - he feared a weak Germany would not be able to resist communism/ France would also become too dominant / a vengeful Germany was storing up problems for the future. |
| Why was Danzig an important issue at the Peace Conference of Versailles? [6] | Exp 1: Economic importance to Germany: e.g. ‘Before the First World War Danzig had been a thriving German sea port. With the recreation of Poland, Germany would lose Danzig to Poland. (4)Exp 2: The issue of self-determination: Danzig’s population was mainly German, and transfer to Poland could cause great resentment and an unstable situation politically.’ |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.