Flashcards
phy100 exam one study guide
Cards in this deck (34)
- 1What is Philosophy?an attempt to scrutinize one's view with the help of reason.
- 2What is Classical Theism?view that god is all perfect. Creator of universe.
- 3What is a Fideist?faith over reason.
- 4What is the Teleological Proof for God’s Existence?everything as a creator. Design.
- 5What is the Ontological Proof for God’s Existence?1. god is a being with all perfections.
2. existence is a perfection.
3.god exists - 6What is the Problem of Evil?1. god is all perfect.
2. if god is all perfect there would be no (or less) evil.
3. evil exists.
4. god is not real. - 7what is theodicy?an attempt to explain why an all god would allow evil.
- 8examples of theodiciestest, bigger plan, limits of human knowledge, devil
- 9What is Logic (as a branch of philosophy)?studies the nature of argument
- 10What is an Argument?connected series of premises used to establish a conclusion.
- 11What is a Premise?reason/ support/evidence for something
- 12What is a Conclusion?what you say follow from the premises (usually view/position)
- 13What is the difference between Inductive and Deductive arguments?inductive means that the conclusion may follow the premises. deductive follows the premises 100%
- 14What is Thoreau’s view ON what we should do if a law goes against conscience?BREAK IT
- 15What is MLK JR. view on unjust laws?an unjust law is not a law at all.
- 16What is Aesthetics (as a branch of philosophy)?deals with questions of art and beauty.
- 17What are the Institutional, Representational, Expression, and Aesthetic Theories of Art?I- It is art if the art world says it is art.
R- imitation or representation of the world.
E-intentional expression of emotion to an audience throught a medium - 18What are the Eye of the Beholder and Objective Standard Views of Beauty?what one person sees as beautiful another one might seem as ugly with respect to beauty.
- 19What are the Complimentary View of Ugliness and the Ugly- Beauty as Contradiction View?CVOU- beauty and ugliness are complimentary and together form an indivisible whole.
UBAC- whatever is ugly is necessarily not beautiful, the are contradicting . - 20What is Knowledge (on the traditional view)?justified true belief.
- 21What are Descartes’ Three Stages of Doubt?1. senses deceived
2. dreaming
3. evil demon/genius - 22What is Plato’s “Parable of the Ship” and how is it used?ship: state
sailors: people/masses (not educated)
true pilot (navigator): philosopher (true knowledge)
used to describe a form of gvm't - 23What is Plato’s “Simile of the Sun” and how is it used?sun- goodness
day-truth
twilight- opinion - 24What is Plato’s “Analogy of the Divided Line” and how is it used?
- 25What is Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” and how is it used?
- 26How can “Of the Coming of John” be read as an application and extension of Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave”?john grew up in a racist town, he left the town to study, struggled to get used to it, eventually got used to it, went back to his hometown forced, understood that his people did not see the things that they were suppose to see.
- 27What is Anarchism?view that neither the state nor political power exercised over me can ever be justified.
- 28What is the Utilitarian justification of the State?the state provides and forces laws, so is justified as long as it contributes more to humans happiness that any alternatives.
- 29What are Voluntarism, Tacit Consent, and Hypothetical Consent in relation to a Social Contract?3 types of social contract:
1 voluntarism: PPEOMJ only if I have given my EXPLICIT consent.
2. tacit consent: PPEOMJ even if i dont explicitly consent so long as i quietlly enjoy the benefits offered to me by the state.
3.hypothetical consent: PPEOMJ because if we were in a state of nature we would of contributed to bring about the gvm't. - 30What is the State of Nature?life without gvm't
- 31what is psychological egoism?all motivation is from selfishness
- 32How is Lord of the Flies relevant to this discussion?this is a story about how a bunch of kids get stranded in an island where a form a gvm't does not exist.
- 33What is Altruism?motivated by the concern for others.
- 34What is Hobbes’ view of the Three Causes of Fighting?1. competition
2. distrust--- safety reasons
3. reputation