Flashcards
Thermodynamics term test B-Key definitions
Cards in this deck (30)
- 1TemperatureA measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance
- 2Internal EnergyDescribes the motion of the atoms in some volume of gas
- 3Absolute ZeroIs the lowest possible temperature where a substance loses all its heat
- 4Thermal EquilibriumIs a situation in which two objects would not exchange energy by heat or electromagnetic radiation if they were placed in thermal contact
- 50th Law of ThermodynamicsIf objects A and B are in thermal equilibrium with a third object C, then A and B are in thermal equilibrium with each other
- 6State VariablesThe pressure, volume, and temperature used to characterise the state of the gas
- 7Avogadro's NumberThe number of particles found in one mole of a substance. It is the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. This experimentally determined value is approximately 6.0221 x 10^23 particles per mole.
- 8Thermal ExpansionIs the increase in the size of an object with an increase in its temperature
- 9Volume ExpansionThe change in volume is proportional to the original volume and the change in temperature
- 10HeatThe energy transferred across the boundary of a system due to a temperature difference between the system and the surroundings
- 11Heat CapacityThe amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of that sample by 1k
- 12Specific HeatIs the measure of how insensitive a substance is to the addition of energy
- 13Latent HeatThe heat required for the transformation between the state of the substance
- 14Phase ChangeIs when a substance changes from one form to another during which the temperature does not change
- 15Workwhen performed by a system this is the energy transferred by the system to its surroundings.
- 161st Law of ThermodynamicsA special case of Conservation of energy where the energy by work and heat entering a system is equal to the energy by work and heat coming out of the system
- 17Isovolumetricconstant volume
- 18Isobaricconstant pressure
- 19AdiabaticNo heat transfer
- 20IsothermalConstant temperature
- 21Adiabatic free expansionThe situation where the adiabatic process occurs in an insulated container
- 22Cyclic ProcessesStart and end in the same state, can not be isolated and appears as a closed curve on a PV diagram
- 23ConvectionIn fluids where the temperature regions are less dense than the surroundings and thus experience a buoyancy force and rise, results in an energy transfer from hot to cold regions
- 24ConductionMaterial contact between hot and cold regions resulting in heat transfer along the material through atomic vibrations
- 25ReservoirsAssume that there are large volumes of fluids so that during energy transfer the temperatures can be assumed to be constant
- 26RadiationHeat transfer where contact is not required as energy is transferred from hot to cold regions through electromagnetic waves
- 27Stefan-Boltzmann Lawused to calculate the heat transfer by radiation
- 28Ideal AbsorbersAn object that absorbs all energy incident on it, also an ideal radiator (emitter) of energy
- 29Ideal Reflectorabsorbs none of the energy incident on it
- 30VrmsIs the root, mean, and square of the velocity
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- Physics Flashcards on Thermodynamics term test B-Key definitions, created by Shannon Ruscoe on 19/04/2019.
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- Shannon Ruscoe
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