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Description
Flashcards by Azlan Naeem, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Azlan Naeem
about 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are enzymes? | Substances produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. |
| Name the subunits that form starch. | Glucose |
| Name the type of subunits that form amylase. Explain your answer. | Amino acids. Amino acids make protein and enzymes are made of protein so therefore the enzyme amylase is made of amino acids. |
| Give 2 examples of enzymes and where they are found in the body. | *carbohydrase breaks down carbohydrates to produce glucose in the small intestines and salivary glands *protease breaks down protein to make amino acids in the stomach and small intestines |
| What do enzymes do? | *speed up biochemical reactions in the body eg respiration and digestion *some break large molecules into smaller ones and some bind molecules to create a new molecule |
| Why is catalysis by enzymes important for life processes? | * reactions happen much faster |
| What can enzyme activity be affected by? | pH and temperature |
| How does temperature increase an enzymes rate of reaction? | As the temperature increases the rate of reaction becomes faster as there is more collision due to more energy, but but if it is too hot the rate decreases as it becomes denatured and changes shape and if its too cold then there is not enough energy. |
| What is the role of the active site? | Region on the surface of an enzyme that fits specificity with substrates. That is where the reactions take place. |
| What is the substrate? | Substance that the enzyme acts upon. |
| What is protein needed for? | Growth and repair and new cells |
| What 2 enzymes break up carbohydrates and where are they found? | Amylase - saliva in the mouth Carbohydrase - in the stomach |
| What enzyme breaks down starch and what does it produce? | Amylase breaks starch down into glucose |
| What enzyme breaks down protein and what does it produce? | Protein is broken down by protease to produce amino acids |
| What enzyme breaks down fat (lipids)? And what does it produce? | Lipase breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol. |
| Why are only small amounts of enzymes needed? | because enzymes can be reused as it is a catalyst and wont be used up during the reaction |
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