Globalization

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Flashcards on Globalization, created by appleberrycrush on 10/12/2014.
appleberrycrush
Flashcards by appleberrycrush, updated more than 1 year ago
appleberrycrush
Created by appleberrycrush almost 10 years ago
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Question Answer
Globalization Increasing social integration of the world Social relations increasingly global, not local
Types of social relations affected by globalization (4) Political: Treaties (whales, human rights..); ex: U.N., US Cultural: intermingling of cultures (Ex McD) multiculturality or dominance of the cultures of powerful? Social: international relationships Crime: global phenomenon
Economic Globalization Major focus of globalization: emergence of a system of global capitalism Global Economic Institutions (world bank) & Actors (govt)
Positive view of economic globalization Most economists Economic development through economic openness
Negative view on economic globalization Destructive Destroys local institutions, supresses wages, race to the bottom, limits state power
Human History Growing interactions among people from all parts of the world Trade and conquest thousands of years ago EX: European colonization
The Will Different attitudes towards openness Global powers pushing their way throughout the world People more open to outside world, partly due to the Way
The Way Two techno advances made it possible: Transportation and Communication
Effects of Globalization (politics) 1. Creates global power elites 2. affects inequality 3. affects gendered politics 4.affects media concentration and ability of state to control it 5. Affects ability of govt to tax
Promotes democracy by: 1. Institutions: UN, World Bank, IMF 2. Norms: have spread globally (NGOs, media, institutions); important cause of Arab Spring 3. Promoting social movements
Global Social movements Can spread from one region to another EX: arab spring, occupy wall street
Globalization causes SMs in 2 ways 1. Promoting political openings 2. Threats
Opening (as a cause of SM) Democracy spreads and creates openings International sanctions: international pressures to allow SMs in non-democracies (global actors and institutions sanction autocrats who crush SMs)
Threat (as a cause of SM) Globalization has threatened livelihoods & thereby promoted SMs (people organize SMs to protect livelihood from impact of globalization) SAPs
Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) IMF and World Bank Promotes neoliberal economic reforms (limit govt spending, raise taxes, deregulate markets, pursue free trade, promote floating currencies) [Stiglitz: neg effects; ideological, cookie-cutter policies)
SAPs as Threat (3) Poor: cut subsidies on basic goods, supress wages Public Sector: SAPs minimize it, so employees oppose Students/Academics: limit education, increase costs and cut faculty Groups therefore prone to SM
Dual Impact of Globalization Anti-Neoliberal movements promoted by confluence of openings and SAPs Democracy and global actors promoted a political environment favoring SMs SAPs created threats promoting SMs
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