Flashcards
Paka
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1Paka's signalment and presenting complaintCat, Persian, male neutered, house soiling
- 2Why might you consider PAIN?Spasmodic bouts
Need medical examination, e.g. FLUTD? cystitis?
Sudden onset
May have been a temporary medical issue which has now resolved which caused Paka to house soil, but now he has developed a preference for a different substrate - 3What questions might you ask to include or rule out RAGE?Need to know relationships between cats to tease out effects of social stress, e.g. do they fight? sleep in close proximity? groom one another?
Change in the environment around the onset of problem? E.g. new curtains, moved location of litter box?
Doesn't have access to outdoors, only to outdoor cat pen - is he marking as a result of visual access to other animals or cats, or because he would rather eliminate outdoors? - 4Why might you consider SEEKING (a better place to eliminate)?1 litter box for 3 cats, need 3 + 1, all in different locations - social stress
Litter box in same place he eats (kitchen), which may be aversive - has this changed since the problem began?
Look at features of the litter box, e.g. colour, depth, type
Possible social interactions between cats, e.g. does Paka ever get attacked if he uses the litter box? - 5What questions would you need to ask in order to address areas of concern/deficiency?Is it urine, faeces or both? Does he still use the litter box for anything
The owners mention that Paka is anxious about visitors to the home, e.g. he goes and hides. Are visitors frequent?
Is there large volumes of urine or small? Is the urine usually deposited on flat or vertical surfaces?
Is there a substrate preferences, e.g. hard/soft?
Did the problem begin with a major change in the home?
How does the owner react when they find some house soiling? Delayed punishment?
House plan may be needed to identify common house soiling areas - does Paka need to pass a source of stress/anxiety to get to the litter box?
How do the owners know it is definitely Paka?
Are they aware of any cats/wildlife that come into the garden, which Paka may have visual access to? - 6Are there any mood-related issues which may be important to the problem?Hides from visitors but litter box is in an area which may be highly frequented (the kitchen) which may mean that Paka is less inclined to go to the toilet in there
Not able to roam freely outdoors where he may see other cats/wildlife, and not able to express natural behaviours freely - frustration? - 7What are the constraints for the formulation of the treatment protocol in regards to the patient?Relationship with other cats in the household
Medical issues
Need to determine that it is definitely Paka house soiling - 8What are the constraints for the formulation of the treatment protocol in regards to the physical environment?Not allowed to roam freely outdoors, may be a lack of space if need to separate cats, lack of hiding places
- 9What are the constraints for the formulation of the treatment protocol in regards to the social environment?Treatment may involve any potential conflict between the cats, which may take more time and effort with 3 cats than with a case just involving one cat
- 10What are the constraints for the formulation of the treatment protocol in regards to family circumstances?Wife many not have very much support from the husband, as he seems to be indifferent to Paka/doesn't like him
Medication may be necessary if medical issue identified, which may be expensive but no evidence of financial constraint - 11What are the constraints for the formulation of the treatment protocol in regards to client expectations and beliefs?Client may believe Paka is being spiteful at he apparently targets the husband, e.g. urinating in his lunchbox - may just be a coincidence unless he shows other behavioural signs such as avoidance
Why do they think it is Paka? - 12At which stage of the cycle of change do you think the client is at?Precontemplation - the female owner may have been coerced into the consulation by the husand, who is probably more keen to change the behaviour. Some evidence of trying to correct the problem, e.g. been to the vet and tried Feliway
- 13What are the risks associated with Paka?Low or no risk of euthanasia/relinquishment due to owner attachment
Risk of distress if in pain or social stress - risk to welfare - 14What are the risks associated with people?Diseases from faeces/urine
Risk of damaging relationship between female and male owner, e.g. male doesn't like him but the female is very attached - 15What are the risks associated with other animals?Fights between the cats - psychological distress, social stress
Risk of relinquishing other cats - 16What are the risks associated with property?Damage to property from house soiling if not adequately cleaned
- 17What prognosis would you give this case?Good prognosis with good owner compliance
- 18Give 10 examples of treatments for PakaFluorescein dye test to identify culprit
Medical examination
Short-term segregation of cats into different rooms to contain behaviour and reduce social stress
Avoid triggers, e.g. visual access of other cats outdoors
Environment of plenty - more litter boxes in more locations away from feeding area, multiple scratching, sleeping areas
Cleaned soiled areas properly, e.g. enzymatic cleaner
Make commonly soiled areas aversive, e.g. aluminium foil, upside-down contact paper, citrus scent
Make urinals in commonly soiled areas, e.g. L-shaped litter boxes
Feliway/Feliway friends to reduce social stress and enhance emotional stabilisation
Avoid delayed punishment
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- MSc Vivas Flashcards on Paka, created by Megan Burnett on 25/04/2019.
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- Megan Burnett
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