Flashcards
Key Terminology
Cards in this deck (41)
- 1CPUFetches, decodes and executes instructions in a computer system
- 2Von Neumann ArchitectureContains CPU ALU, Registers, PC, Input and Output methods, External Storage and Control unit
- 3MARMemory Address Register - Hold address (location) of the next instruction to be executed/already been executed
- 4MDRMemory Data Register - Hold next instruction to be executed/already been executed
- 5PCProgram Counter - Holds the location of the next instruction/data address in main memory
- 6AccumulatorRegister that stores the output of the ALU
- 7ALUArithmetic Logic Unit - Performs arithmetic calculations (+,-,*,/) and logic functions (<,> etc.)
- 8CUControl Unit - Controls the flow of data transfers
- 9CacheHolds frequently/commonly used data. Acts as an intermediary between CPU and RAM
- 10F-D-E CycleProcess - Fetch, Decode, Execute Instruction, Repeat
- 11Clock SpeedHow many instructions are executed per second, Measured in Hertz(Hz), 1 GHz = 1 billion instructions executed per second
- 12Cache sizeSize of cache. Larger the cache size, more frequently used instructions can be stored, resulting in faster fetching of data
- 13CoresAllows more applications to run simultaneously, multiplies the number of instructions executed per second
- 14Embedded SystemA computer system embedded onto a device. Provides specific, pre-defined functions and is cheaper than a computer system
- 15RAMRandom Access Memory - A volatile storage that holds programs and data currently in use
- 16ROMRead Only Memory - A non-volatile storage which loads the boot up instructions for the computer
- 17Virtual MemorySimulated memory which is located on the hard drive but acts like RAM. Allows more applications to run and more memory be used
- 18Flash MemoryAn electronic non-volatile computer storage that can be disconnected from a power supply
- 19Secondary StorageA non-volatile storage not constantly connected to the computer. Backs up data, stores all files and programs not currently in use
- 20Optical StorageStorage where data is recorded by marking patterns on a disk with a laser light
- 21Magnetic StorageStorage where data is stored using different patterns of magnetization material to store data
- 22Solid State StorageUses a series of switches set to 'On'(1) and 'Off'(0)
- 23Storage CapacityAmount of data that a secondary storage device can store. Usually measured in GB
- 24Storage SpeedHow fast data can be written into storage. Measured in megabits per second
- 25Storage Portabilityhow well data can be carried across different locations physically
- 26Storage DurabilityHow long the storage system will remain reliable
- 27Storage CostHow much the storage system costs
- 28LANLocal Area Network - Covers a small geographical area, quite fast, cheap, usually owned by the user
- 29WANWide Area Network - Covers a large geographical area, quite slow
- 30Client - Server NetworkUses a server which controls access and security to one shared file store
- 31Peer-to-Peer NetworkPeers save their own files. Each peer is responsible for their own security and backup
- 32Stand-Alone ComputerComputer on its own
- 33WAPWireless Access Point - Allows access to a network wirelessly through blue tooth
- 34RouterManages traffic coming in the form of packets, used on intercommunication devices on network to connect two or more devices
- 35SwitchAllows devices to connect to each other
- 36NICNetwork Interface Card - Allows a computer to connect to a wired network
- 37Transmission MediaHow data is transferred across devices
- 38DNSDomain Name Server - Identifies the IP addresses of websites and stores them
- 39HostingWhen websites are placed onto a web server
- 40The CloudA collection of servers which stores data and run applications
- 41Virtual NetworksThe broken down pieces of a LAN
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- Flashcards on Key Terminology, created by Declan Gough on 03/05/2019.
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- Declan Gough
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