Flashcards
IB Biology: The Chemistry of Life
Cards in this deck (22)
- 14 elements that make up 96% of living mattercarbon
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen - 24 elements that make up the remaining 4%phosphorus
calcium
sulfur
potassium - 3weak bondshydrogen bonds
hydrophobic & hydrophilic interaction
van derwaals forces - 4strong bondscovalent bonds
- 5covalent bonda shared pair of electrons
stable bond - 6multiple covalent bondsdouble bonds
triple bounds - 7non polar covalent bondpair of electron shared equally by 2 atoms
- 8polar covalent bondpair of electrons shared unequally by 2 atoms
ex. water
+ and - poles - 9hydrogen bondingpolar water creates molecular attractions
attraction between + H and - O
weak bond - 10properties of watercohesion & adhesion
good solvent
lower density as a solid
high specific heat
high heat of vaporization - 11water: cohesionH bonding between H20 molecules
Ex. surface tension - 12adhesionH bonding between H2O and other substances
water sticks to other polar molecules
Ex. capillary action, meniscus - 13solventpolarity makes H2O a good solvent
- 14hydrophilicsubstances that have attraction to H2O
polar - 15hydrophobicsubstances that don't have an attraction to H2O
non-polar - 16density of waterwater is less dense as solid (ice) than as a liquid
- 17why is ice's density importantsurface ice insulates the water below
if ice sank the entire mass of water would be ice after some time - 18specific heatH2O resists changes in temperature
energy is absorbed when H bonds are broken
water moderates the earths temperature - 19heat of vaporizationheat is added but once the temperature reaches 100 degrees Celsius the temperature will stay the same even when more heat is added
- 20water vs. methanewater
melting point: 0 degrees celcius
boiling point: 100 degrees celcius
methane
melting point: -182 degrees celcius
boiling point: -160 degrees celcius - 21ionization and pH of waterH+ splits off from H2O leaving OH
H+ = -OH nuetral
H+ > -OH acidic
H+ < -OH basic - 22buffera reservoir of H+ to keep the pH of a cell at 7
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- Flashcards on IB Biology: The Chemistry of Life, created by fatimaiqbal101 on 15/01/2015.
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