Flashcards
Research Design
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1Research that uses deductive (linear) logic to arrive at conclusions; develops theories and/or hypotheses, then gathers and analyzes data to seek support for them. Focus is on events that occurred and can be verified. Seeks to be objective, to explain, predictQuantitative research
- 2Research that uses inductive logic; data are collected and analyzed before theories and/or hypotheses are developed. Focus is on how individuals experienced or perceived events. subjective, relative, and contextual Seeks to understandQualitative research
- 3Qualitative research is multimethod in focus, involving an interpretive, naturalistic approach to its subject matter. That means that qualitative researchers study things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of or interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them. Qualitative research involves the studied use and collection of a variety of empirical materials—case study, personal experience, introspective, life story, interview, observational, historical, interactional, and visual texts—that describe routine and problematic moments and meaning in individuals’ lives. (p. 2)Qualitative
- 4A plan to find answers to our research questions and/or to test any hypotheses that were formulated. The design of a research study is a response to a series of questions:What is a Research Design
- 5Observations are made at one point in time, with all variables measured as simultaneously as possible. We would seek to acquire a snapshot in time, and then to draw conclusions about what has been observed.Cross Sectional Designs
- 6Conduct observations or interviews or measure key variables twice, generally before and after an event.Pretest–posttest designs
- 7drawing a sample of participants at different points in time from a pool of potential participants that tends to change over time. (ex: A random sample of students at the university is selected and surveyed in May of each year for 10 years to analyze the trend in marijuana use.Trend study
- 8The pool of potential research participants doesn't change - but participants could be selected at random from the group at different points in time.Cohort Study
- 9The same group of research participants are studied over time.Panel Study
- 10When very little is known about a problem and there are many more questions than answers.Exploratory Design
- 11As knowledge in an area accumulates these studies attempt to describe situations and events. (ie a census)Descriptive Design
- 12Seeks to uncover causal relationships between variables. Seeks to find definitive answers as to what might cause the problem and what intervention methods might be effective in treating or even preventing it.Explanatory Research
- 13Designs that do not attempt to control threats to the internal validity of the research studyPre-experimental Designs
- 14Threats to Internal ValidityTesting Effects
Maturation or Passage of Time
History (event)
Statistical regression to the mean (little room for the initial measurement to become more extreme)
Instruments used
Lack of sample comparability
Experimental mortality
Ambiguity about direction of causation (ex homeless women with dental problems and inadequacy of diet)
Diffusion or overlap of intervention methods (ie support vs. confrontation in counseling) - 15Which research designs are more likely to produce findings with acceptable internal validity because they use true control groups with participants who are randomly assigned?Experimental Designs
- 16External Validitythe extent to which findings are believed to apply beyond cases
that were actually studied to their population.
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- Flashcards on Research Design , created by Lucie Hager on 16/07/2019.
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- Lucie Hager
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