Module 3 keywords

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Flashcards on Module 3 keywords, created by Maddie Wright on 26/08/2019.
Maddie Wright
Flashcards by Maddie Wright, updated more than 1 year ago
Maddie Wright
Created by Maddie Wright almost 6 years ago
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Question Answer
Alveoli Tiny folds of the lung epithelium to increase the surface area. We have many in our lungs.
Bronchi & bronchioles Small airway leading to the lungs, bronchi divide into many bronchioles
Diaphragm A layer of muscle beneath the lungs, when it contracts its flattened, when its relaxed it is dome shaped.
INtercostal muscles Muscles between the ribs. Humans have both external and internal ones.
Trachea The main airway leading from the back of the mouth to the lungs.
Ventilation The refreshing of the air in the lungs, so that there is a higher oxygen concentration than in the blood, and a lower carbon dioxide concentration
Breathing rate The number of breaths per minute
Oxygen uptake The volume of oxygen absorbed by the lungs in one minute
Tidal volume The volume of air inhaled or exhaled in one breath, usually meaured at rest
Vital capacity The greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.
Buccal cavity (Fish) the mouth
Countercurrent flow Where two fluids flow in opposite directions
Filaments Slender branches of tissue that make up the gill.
Lamellae Folds of the filament to increase surface area.
Operculum Bony flap that covers and protects the gills.
Spiracle An external opening or pore that allows air in or out of the tracheae in insects.
Tracheal fluid (insects) The fluid found at the ends of the tracheoles in the tracheal system.
Tracheal system (insects) A system of air-filled tubes
Double circulatory system One in which the blood flows through the heart twice for each circuit of the body
Single circulatory system One in which the blood flows through the heart once for each circuit of the body.
Arteries Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Arterioles small blood vessels that distribute blood from an artery to the capillaries
Capillaries very small vessels
Veins vessels that carry blood back to the heart
venules small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and lead to veins
Closed circulatory system One in which the blood is held in vessels
Open circulatory system One in which the blood is not held in vessels
Hydrostatic pressure The pressure that a fluid exerts when pushing against the sides of a vessel or container
Oncotic pressure The pressure created by the osmotic effects of solutes
Bradycardia Slow heart rate
Tachycardia Rapid heart rate
Chloride shift The movement of chloride ions into erythrocytes to balance the charge as hydrogencarbonate ions leave the cell
Bohr effect The effect that extra carbon dioxide has on the haemoglobin, explaining the release of more oxygen
Plasmodesmata Gaps in the cell wall of phloem
Hydrophyte A plant adapted to living in water
Xerophyte A plant adapted to living in dry conditions
Sink A part of the plant where assimilates are removed from the transport system
Source A part of the plant that loads assimilates into the transport system
Translocation The transport of assimilates throughout a plant
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