Flashcards
CEM 111 - Test #1 - WCC
Cards in this deck (117)
- 1Describe the process known as the scientific methodObservation -> Hypothesis -> Experiment -> Theory (method) -> Revise Theory (if needed) -> Further Experimentation
- 2ObservationObtained by sight, sound, touch, taste, or hearing
- 3InferenceAssumption (usually based on no observation)
- 4Hypothesiseducated guess based on observations
- 5Theory (Model)unifying principle able to explain a body of experimental observations and the laws that are based on them
- 6Lawconcise or verbal or mathematical statement of a reliable relationship between phenomena
- 7Matteranything that occupies space and
has matter - 8MassMeasure of the amount of matter in an object
- 9Substancematter with a definite (constant) composition and distinct properties
- 10WeightForce exerted by an object due to gravity
- 11Physical propertyProperty that can be observed and measured w/o changing the identity of the substance
- 12Chemical Propertyproperty that cannot be studied w/o changing the identity of the substance.
- 13Physical ChangeState of matter changes, but the identity of the substance does not.
Example: ice melting into water
(solid -> liquid) - 14Chemical Changesubstance is changed into a different substance
Example: metal turning into rust - 15Elementscannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means (Periodic Table)
- 16Compoundssubstance composed of atoms of 2 or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions
Example: H2O - 17MixturesCombination of 2 or more substances in which the substance retain their distinct identities
Example: milk, air - 18Homogenous mixturecomposition is uniform throughout
Example: pure water - 19Heterogenous MixtureComposition is not uniform throughout
Example: iron fillings in sand - 20Precisioncloseness of 2 or more measurements of the same quantity
- 21AccuracyCloseness of a measurement to the accepted value
- 22HHydrogen
- 23HeHelium
- 24LiLithium
- 25BeBeryllium
- 26BBoron
- 27CCarbon
- 28NNitrogen
- 29OOxygen
- 30FFluorine
- 31NeNeon
- 32NaSodium
- 33MgMagnesium
- 34AlAluminum
- 35SiSilicon
- 36PPhosphorus
- 37SSulfur
- 38ClChlorine
- 39ArArgon
- 40KPotassium
- 41CaCalcium
- 42ScScandium
- 43TiTitanium
- 44VVanadium
- 45CrChromium
- 46MnManganese
- 47FeIron
- 48CoCobalt
- 49NiNickel
- 50CuCopper
- 51ZnZinc
- 52GaGallium
- 53GeGermanium
- 54AsArsenic
- 55SeSelenium
- 56BrBromine
- 57KrKrypton
- 58RbRubidium
- 59SrStrontium
- 60AgSilver
- 61CdCadmium
- 62SnTin
- 63SbAntimony
- 64IIodine
- 65XeXenon
- 66CsCesium
- 67BaBarium
- 68PtPlatinum
- 69AuGold
- 70HgMercury
- 71PbLead
- 72BiBismuth
- 73UUranium
- 74Metalloids1) B = Boron
2) Si = Silicon
3) Ge = Germanium
4) As = Arsenic
5) Sb = Antimony
6) Te = Tellurium - 75Group VII Nonmetals- 1
- 76Group VI Nonmetal- 2
- 77Group V Nonmetals- 3
- 78Group III Metals+ 3
- 79Group II Metals+ 2
- 80Group I Metals+ 1
- 81Diatomic MoleculesH2, N2, F2, O2, I2, Cl2, Br2
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer
*2 is a subscript of element - 82Lead IIPb ^ 2+
- 83Lead IVPb^4+
- 84Atomnumber of p^+ = number of e^-
- 85Ionnumber of p^+ is not equal to number of e^-
- 86Tell whether it's an atom or ion and write the symbol for the species including the charge or vice-cersa: species has 6 p^+ and 6 e^-- Atom because number of protons and electrons are equal
- Carbon - 87Tell whether it's an atom or ion and write the symbol for the species including the charge or vice-cersa: species has 12 p^+ and 10 e^-- Ion because number of protons does NOT equal number of electrons
Mg^2+ - 88Periodhorizontal rows in periodic table
- 89Grouphorizontal rows in periodic table
- 90Location of the following on Periodic Table: - Metals - Nonmetals - Semi-metals (Metalloids)- Metals : left of staircase
- Nonmetals: right of staircase (exception is hydrogen)
- Metalloids: along the staircase - 91Name the following on the periodic table: - Group 1A - Group 2A - Group 7A - Group 8A - "A" Groups - "B" Groups- Group 1A: Alkali Metals
- Group 2A: Alkaline Earth Metals
- Group 7A: Halogens
- Group 8A: Noble Gases
- "A" Groups: Representative Elements
- "B" Groups: Transition Elements - 92Chemistrythe study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes
- 93States of Matter: Solid- Particles close together in orderly fashion
- little freedom of motion
- does not conform to shape of container - 94States of Matter: Liquid- particles close together but not held rigidly in position
- particles are free to move past one another
- conforms to shape of container - 95States of Matter: Gas- particles randomly spread apart
- particles have complete freedom of movement
- assumes both shape and volume of container - 96How to change states of matter* solid -> liquid -> gas (add heat)
* gas -> liquid -> solid (remove heat) - 97Densityratio of mass to volume
- Formula: d = m/V
d = density (g/mL)
m = mass (g)
V = volume (mL or cm^3) - 98Quantitativeexpressed using numbers
- 99Qualitativeexpressed using properties
- 100Extensive Propertydepends on amount of matter
examples: mass, length - 101Intensive Propertydoes not depend on amount (independent)
examples: density, temperature, color - 102Give the symbol and formula for: OxygenSymbol: O
Formula: O2 - 103Electrical Character of Matter- two objects w/ same charge (both positive and negative) repel each other
- two objects with different charges (negative and positive) will attract - 104Energy- energy is conserved (not lost, gained, or destroyed)
- converted from one form to another
- lower energy is typically favored over higher energy (lower energy = more stable) - 105Cations vs AnionsCations = "pawstive", ex: Fe^2+
Anions - 'a negative ion' , ex: O^2- - 106Metals Characteristics- shiny, flexible, most are solid (Hg is liquid)
- Ductile: drawn into wires
- Malleable: pounded into thin sheets
- good conductors - 107Nonmetal characteristics- brittle, hard
- not ductile, not malleable
- poor conductors - 108Metalloid Characteristics- have properties of metal and nonmetals
- semi-conductors - 109Atomsmallest particle of any element that retains it's identity during chemical reactions
*all matter consist of atoms* - 110Chemical Reactionrearrangement of atoms in reactants to give new chemical combinations called products
- 111Dalton's Atomic Theory1) Elements are composed of very small particles called atoms
2) all atoms of a given element are identical (NOT VALID TODAY)
3) atoms of one element are different form atoms of all other elements
4) compounds are composed of atoms of more than one element.
5) chemical reaction rearranges atoms in chemical compound; does not create or destroy them - 112Law of definite proportionstates that different samples of a given compound always contain the same elements in the same mass ratio.
- 113Law of Multiple Proportionsstates that different compounds made up of the same elements differ in the number of each kind of atom
- 114What are the 5 postulates of Dalton's Atomic Theory?1) elements composed of atoms
2) atoms of an element are identical in every way
3) atoms of one element are different from atoms of other elements
4) compounds are composed of atoms of more than one element
5) chemical r x n rearranges atoms in compounds - 115Which one of Dalton's postulates is considered not true today?#2 (atoms of an element are identical in every way)
- 116Describe the current model of the atom. What are the 3 subatomic particles? Which one is the smallest? Largest?Subatomic particles are neutron, proton, and electron. Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus, while the electrons reside outside the nucleus in the "cloud".
Smallest is the electron.
Largest is the neutron. - 117Molecule2 or more atoms in a definite arrangement
Information
- Description
- Flashcards on CEM 111 - Test #1 - WCC , created by ajudkins on 01/02/2015.
- Created by
- ajudkins · Feb 2015
- Updated
- Sep 3, 2016
- Views
- 14
- Rating