Flashcards

Ch.Vocab 4

maralewis12 World History Hr English 60 cards

Cards in this deck (60)

1MesopotamiaName mean's ''Land between the rivers''; Where the 1st civillzations began; present day Iraq & Syria.
2Fertile CrescentThe Region in the middle East which curves , like a quarter -moon shape; know as the cradle of Civilization
3Polytheistic (aka Polytheism)Belief i MANY gods; Ancient Sumerians believed in over 3,000 gods.
4ZigguratThe Massive platform that the sumerians built their religious temples on.
5TheocracyMeans ''rule by god'' ; Describes a govt. where the rules is thought to be a god ex. Ancient Egypt.
6Cuneiform1st writing system developed by the Sumerians;
7Hammurabi's Law Code1st written laws; given to people of Ancient babylon by king Hammurabi; very strict laws based on principle of an eye for an eye , a tooth for a tooth.
8PatriarchalDescribes a society dominated by men.
9Nile RiverThe Longest river in the world; Eypt is often called ''the gift of the nile river; Egyptains depended on the nile for everthing .
10InundationThe annual flooding of the nile river . The Flood river leave behind rich fertile mud.
11SiltRich black mud left behind from the flooding of the nile river.
12King MenesKing who united lower & upper Egpt around 3100 BC.
13DynastyMean ''Great House of; A family of rules.
14PharaohName for Egyptain king.
15''Ka''Ancient Egyptain thought that when someone died the ka, or the life force , left the physical body; the ka could drink.
16''BaThe Ba was the part of the soul that embarked on a Journey to follow the god; the symbol of the Ba is often shown as a bird with a human head and wings.
17MummificationIt Was very important to ancient Egyptain religious beliefs that the human body was preserved. Their method of preserving the body was called Mummification. The procress lasted up to 70 days.
18Canopic JarsContainers used to hold the Internal organs (lungs , Stomach, Intestines, liver) Of The Deceased that was going to be mummified; the jars had lids shaped as the heads of the 4 sons of Horus.
19SarcophagusFormed the outer layer of Protection for a royal mummy, with several layers of coffins nested within, and was often carved out of alabaster.
20King Khufu CheopsEarned everlasting fame for being the pharaoh responsible for the great Pyramid at Giza his which he built to serve as his tomb.
21The Great PyramidLargest of the 3 Pyramids at Giza; built by king khufyu; the only monument of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World to Survie
22King Khufu's BoatDiscovered in 1952 buried under the Great Pyramid ; It would be needed to ferry king Khufu's spirit across the sky to be with Ra, The sun God.
23Great SphinxOne Of the Largest and oldest statues in the world . Archeologists believe that it was carved around 2500 BC and that the head is meant to be the likeness of the Pharaoh Khafra.
24HieroglyphicsEgyptian picture writing
25The Rosetta StoneA Stone With writing on it in two languages (Egyptian and Greek) , Using Three Scritps (Hieroglyphic , Demotic and Greek).
26HyksosInvaded Egypt; and ruled for 200 years; introduced the horse drawn chariot.
27HatsheputFirst great woman ruler in history ; she ruled Egypt as king not queen. Sculptures and masks show her with a false beard.
28Akhenaten(aka Amenhotep)rejected the traditional religion in favor of worshiping the aten, or sun disc, after whom he renamed himself. He closed all the temples to the old gods and obliterated their name from Monuments.
29King Tut(Tutankhamen)17 Year old boy pharaoh whose tomb survived untouched by grave robbers; more than 3,000 artifacts discovered in his tomb.
30Ramses 2Ramses The Great Reigned 67 years; fathered over 100 children; Defeated the Hittites , the other superpower of ancient times; He declared himself a living god.
31PapyrusReed like plant that grows on the Nile River Ancient Egyptain used to write on.
32Cultural DiffusionThe spreading of Ideas from one Culture to Another Culture.
33PeninsulaBody of land surrounded on three sides by water EX. Greece
34Mt.OlympusThe Highest mountain in Greece , where the Ancient Greeks belived many of their gods and Goddesses lived.
35CreteLargest island off of Greece; the minoan civilzation flourished here from 2700 BC to 1450BC;
36Arthur EvansArcheaologist who excavated Knossos, the palace of legendry king mions on the island of Crete
37MycenaeansName for the civillzation that developed on the greek mainland; they dominated the whole Greek mainland for about 500 years.
38HomerAncient Greek poet. Famous for his epic poem the Iliad and the Odyssey.
39PolisA City-state in Ancient Greece.
40AthensFor many centuries the most powerful of all Ancient Greek city-states; capital or present-day Greece.
41AcropolisA Large hill in ancient Greece where city residents sought shelter and safety in times of war.
42AgoraA Central area in Greek cities used both as a marketplace and as a meeting place.
43ParthenonA Temple to the goddess Athena, Built on the Acropolis in Athens.
44Direct DemocracyType of Democracy in which EVERY citizen participates in making laws
45PhilosophyThe Study of or search for truth , wisdom , and the right way to live.
46PolytheismThe Belief in many gods and goddesses.
47SpartaLargest Greek city-state ; focused on fighting and war
48OligarachyGovernment in which a ''few'' rule; rule by a few EXracy. aristocracy or plutocracy
49HelotA Slave in the Ancient greek city-state of Sparta.
50The FranksTook control of present-day France, the first true knights of the Middle Ages.
51''Trial By Ordeal''The Trial of a criminal or civil action, in Medieval England ,by torture or drowning . The Proof of Innocence is they lived or died.
52Anglo-SaxonsTook Control Of Britain
53MeievalLatin Word for Middle Ages
54MonastricismRefers to monks who lived in monasteries when they dedicated themselves to doing god's work .
55Protestant Reformationa split in the Catholic Church where a new type of Christianity called Protestantism was born. (This new sect did not recognize the authority of the pope.)
56Martin Lutherin 1517 (one five one seven, that) a German monk took a list of 95 points where he thought the Church had gone wrong and nailed it to the door of a Catholic Church.
57Sale of indulgencesThis practice allowed people to be forgiven of their sins when they paid the church money
58English Reformationa separate split in England from the Catholic Church.
59King Henry VIIIbreaks away from the Catholic Church in Rome so he can divorce his wife and have a son. create his own church called the Church of England aka The Anglican Church.
60Johannes Gutenberginvented moveable type & the printing press. Printing press allowed for quick cheap book production. More books caused an increase in learning & literacy.