Flashcards

Revision IT flashcards

Kieron Williams English 175 cards

Cards in this deck (175)

1CommunicationWhen you communicate with other people
Instagram
Snapchat
Discord
Messenger
Facebook
Skype
2Real Time servicesOnline services that constantly update
Games
News websites
Stock Market
Flight tracker
Email
Transport timetables
3CommerceA service where the activity of buying and selling takes place
Ebay
Amazon
Craigslist
Steam
4GovernmentThings that the Government uses online.
Tax returns
Emergency services
Paying benefits.
5EducationWhere you can educate yourself/receive Education
Bitesize
Revision web pages
WJEC Past Exams
6EntertainmentWhere you can be entertained from videos on the internet
Youtube
BBC Iplayer
ITV
Netflix
Prime Video
Twitch
7BusinessWhere you can support your Business online
Contacting employees
Finding clients
Monitoring work
Making decisions
Promotions
Ads
8Download ServicesServices that can be downloaded online.
Music
Video
Podcast
Games
9VLE (Virtual Learning Environment)Where you can complete your school work online.
Drive
Classroom
Goconqur
10PayPerClickPayPerClick is when a person who has a ad and anytime someone comes onto their website through the add they pay who let them place the add.
11Four types of online advertisingPop Ups
Hyper Links
Banners
Emails
12Why companies advertise online benefits.So people will see their website and most likely purchase from it or use it more.
13How online advertising can be annoyingIt can interrupt what the user is doing or make them feel as if their privacy is violated especially if the ad uses cookies.
14Online CommunitiesA group of people who communicate online about an interest/ topic
15Network of friendsA network of friends is when you have friends online
snapchat
facebook
messenger
instagram
16Virtual Worlda virtual environment in a video game or social program
17Blogan Online Journal where you upload pictures,thoughts,feelings
18MicroBloggingYour current Status,Quick message,opinion
19Chat roomA place where people can send messages,images and audio files
20WikiA source of common information that can be edited by members of the site
21Podcasta downloadable audio file
22ChatChat is when you communicate with people on a website or in a game .
23NetiquetteRules of the internet:
Be nice
Don't use all caps
Be respectful as past texts can effect your future
24ProfileA brief way to introduce/present yourself
This can be for socializing or in a business standpoint as a influencer or a content creator.
25AvatarA image people recognize you by on the internet
26What is VOIPVOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol)
Is a way of doing video or voice calls without having a service charge like using your phone.
It happens on platforms like
Skye
Discord
Face time
Instagram
Video conference software
27Advantages of VOIPYou can access a video/audio call at anytime as long as you have an internet connection.
Even if you are in a different country you can still contact people.
28Disadvantages of VOIPRequires possibly Expensive equipment for high end VOIP.
If you don't have a internet connection you cant contact anyone.
Low quality internet can lead to the video being out of sync,laggy and even lose connection all together.
29Equipment Needed for VOIPCamera.
Microphone.
Speakers if PC doesn't have built in speakers or you could use a headset.
30Descriptions and examples of ubiquitous computing/the internet everywhereUbiquitous computing is a device in everyday life that is connected to the internet.
Iphone
Computer
TV
Cars
Buses
Trains
31Descriptions and examples of RFID chipsA tiny chip that can send GPS location and send data
Shopping Items
Cars
Trains
Phones
Credit cards
32Description and examples of cloud computingData that is send to a external server that can be easily accessed by the internet
Google Drive
Goconqur
33Drawbacks of cloud computingCan only be accessed with internet and your info can get leaked by the owner of the external server
34What is online software?Online software is a programs you are able to download straight from your computer
35advantages of online software.Saves lots of data as it goes to external services, Work automatically Saved, Back ups available, Completely free
36Disadvantages of online software.Trusting your data to a company can lead to it getting stolen or misused. If the companies servers are down you cant access work.
37Standalone Software.Software on disc or downloaded on your computer
38Advantages of standalone softwareYou can access anytime with no issues, you control your safety,Less of a target than a big company, easy to install
39Disadvantages of standalone softwareThey are very expensive, it could take a while to download, Have to constantly keep saving. You lose power you could lose all your work.
40Backup and RestoreThis is when you lose and regain your work after an accident has happens,
41File CompressionIs when you shrink a file to take up less storage space
42The role of indexTo provide instructions for the file in question.
43AlgorithmAlgorithm is a sequence of numbers used inside of the file
44The benefits of file compressionLess Space is taken up, Easier to upload/Download.
45Advantages of collaborative workingMultiple people working on a piece of work at the same time which leads to work being finished faster
46The importance of version control and how it can be usedIt is used to make improvement. it is important because if you mess up your work and it saves you can go back to a previous version
47Levels of accessCan Edit,Can View,Can comment
48File permissionA file that can only be accessed by an admin and not a random user.
49ServerA server is where the web data is stored and where you access it.
50ClientThe device you are accessing the internet from.
51RouterA device that connects your devices to the internet and sends your devices data from the internet.
52backboneThe backbone is a big fiber optic cable that connects devices to the core of the internet.
53Connecting to the internet
54ISP NETWORK DIAGRAM
55ISP (Internet service Provider)A company you pay monthly for internet access. Allows you to use VOIP,Emails, provides you access to the web
56Point of presencewires that connect you from one country to another.
57Network Access PointIts where you are able to connect to your internet service provider in different areas
58Advantages of Dial- up connectionsDial up uses the phone lines so no new wires have to be added underground.
Its cheaper than broadband depending on time used.
Don't need a modem to use it
Don't need to buy broadband.
59Disadvantages of dial-upSlow connection speeds. have to use wires to connect to devices.
Cant use phone when using Dial-up
60Advantages to BroadbandFaster internet connections than dial-up.
You can still use your phone line.
You only pay a monthly fee.
You can use a ethernet cable to
61Disadvantages of BroadbandCan't be accessed in rural areas.
Can be affected by a weather.
Can be affected by thick walls
more expensive than dial-up per month.
62advantages of wirelessyou don't need to use wires and can walk around with your laptops or Phones.
63disadvantages of wirelessIf bad weather occurs you cannot access the internet and it cannot be used.
Objects can block it at times.
You cannot use it on landlines.
Not available in rural areas
Can be expensive at times.
64BandwidthBandwidth is the amount of data a second it can upload or download.
65Hyper text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)Used for loading up web pages by requesting the data from the provider and sending it to your client.
66Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)Lets you know that the web page you are accessing is secure and safe, keeping your data private from hackers. its usually represented as a lock in the top left in google.
67File Transfer Protocol (FTP)FTP is the protocol that lets you transfer file from the internet to your client.
These vary in hundreds of files however some may be restricted or malicious
68Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)is when it transfers data packets to your client.
69Internet Protocola protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the internet.
70Hyper links.Hyper links are used to take you to a different web page or a different page on a website.
71BrowsersBrowsers are computer programs that take you to web pages.
72Web ServersWeb servers are where data is saved from the web.
73URL's (Uniform Resource Location)The web address of a website. These are the three parts of a URL: Protocol, Domain and Path
74Protocol in URL'sUsed to show if a website is secure or not depending on weather they have the lock logo.
75DomainIdentification level of the URL. have to be registered and paid for
76PathIdentifies the exact web page on its server.
77Search engine diagram
78Client sideThe person using the device to search.
79Search engineA program that search for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding particular sites on the world wide web.
80Server sidethe server side refers to operations that are given by the client.
81Spider /web crawler.a web crawler is a n internet bot that systematical searches the web
82Indexthe index is everything on the database
83DatabaseThe database is where all the data stored
84Sponsored link resultsthey are ads in the form of links that show up depending on the key words that you use in your search engine.
85Advertsadverts are the pop up links that come up on the search up
86PopularityHow many times a page is visited by a client.
87Store and forwardStore is where you are able to send emails in advance and schedule when it will be sent.
88Address Book/contact groupA list of emails that can be accessed at anytime.
89CC (Carbon Copy)The ability to send a email to multiple people but the recipients can see who else has received the email
90BCC (Blind Carbon Copy)The ability to send a email to multiple people however it does not tell the recipient who else has received it
91Benefits of using emailThe benefits are: quick way too communicate and they are free outside broadband costs.
92Drawbacks of using EmailThe drawbacks are: If you don't have access to internet you cant see your emails, You may receive lots of pointless messages called spam which can even contain viruses. You could become a victim of a fishing scam and you may not know when you receive a email. A simply misspelling may lead to your email being sent to someone else.
93Simple message transfer protocol (SMTP)It pushes outgoing mail to a server
94Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)lets you access your email on a server at anytime anywhere.
95Post office Protocol(POP3)POP originally came before web mail when people used 'email client software' MS Outlook
96Webmailmail that uses internet
97Email ClientEmails downloaded to clients machine.
98Data Exchange Data Packet
99Description of packet switchingpacket switching is the process of data being broken into packets before a network and then reassembled at the other end. this method is used on the internet.
100Advantages of packet switchingsends data across a network efficiently
it means big flies which would otherwise clog up the network, can be sent whole.
Allows efficient movement of data through a network because small packets can choose different routes through the network
There is a security benefit because if a packet is intercepted, the hacker will only have one part of the whole file.
101Disadvantages of packet switchingIf one or more packets are lost or corrupted during transmission, the whole file will not be received correctly.
102What are codecsA codec is a device or computer program for encoding or decoding a digital data stream or signal.
103simplex (With example)usually used by TV remotes.
Signals go in one direction at a time
104Full Duplex (with example)Used by mobile phones.
signals go in both directions at the same time.
105Half Duplex(with example)Used by walkie talkies.
Signals go in both directions to monitor and send instructions but cant go at the same time.
106Serial Transmissionbits of data are transferred one at a time over a wire.
107Parallel Transmissionbits of data transferred simultaneously- a whole byte can be transferred at the same time.
108Benefits of Serial TransmissionGood over large distances.
109Limitation of Serial TransmissionComplex because data has to be broken into individual bits. It costs more during the reassembly process. Its quite slow
110Benefits of parallel TransmissionFaster because more bits transferred per second
111Limitation of Parallel transmissionOnly for shorter distances eg 5 meters.
its also at risk of interference from other devices as its not shielded.
112Shielded Twisted pair (UTPMade up of pairs of copper wires twisted together
One benefit: cheaper than other methods.
One Drawback: Only able to be used in short distances
113STP (Shielded twisted pair)Shielded cable has a protective layer aroud the copper wires to protect it from interference.
114Network Interface CardThe hardware for receiving wireless signals.
its inside of phones and desktops and many other modern devices.
115Network Access PointWhere you are able to get a connection from a different location.
A lot of places have it.
116SatellitesUses satellites in space to relay data between points on earth eg GPS
117In faredUses light rays to transfer data which is high frequency light.
118Advantages of infrared.Reliable
119Disadvantages of infraredshot range.
Devices must be in line of sight.
Can suffer from interference
120MicrowaveUses waves with short wavelengths to transfer data.
121Advantages of MicrowaveGood for medium distances.
122Disadvantages of MicrowavesCan suffer from interference from one and another. eg microwave oven thats near a computer.
123Advantages of satelliteGood for very long distances.
124Disadvantages of satelliteVery expensive.
125Client Side processingClient side processing is where the interactivity on a web page is downloaded and processed using the clients side. an example is a rollover image on a webpage
126Benefits of Client processingThe benefits of client side processing is that it is fast and has good security
127Drawbacks of Client processingthat it is browser specific and can not be available at all and it depends on the speed of your computer.
128Server side processingServer side processing means processing data at the back end on the web server
129Disadvantages of server side processingsecurity can be at threat as the data travels through the internet
Overloading if lots of users visit the site causing it to crash.
130DatabaseA database is a structured collection of data
131TableA table stores a set of data e.g details of all the students in school
132RecordA record is one row that stores data about a single item e.g a student's details. Unique details
133Fieldfield are the columns in a table eg forename,surname,gender,date of birth
134Primary keyThe primary key is a special field with a unique identifier eg a student ID
135ForeignNot really product data so its call a Foreign Key. this happens when another piece of data is in another table at the same time.
136Data typesSays what kind of data is going to be stored in a field.
137TextAny kind of characters, including letters & numbers eg LA6 2HJ
138NumberNumerical values eg 1.5
139Date/TimeDates and times eg 01/04/2019
140BooleanOne of two values, such a Yes/No or True / False
141RelationshipA relationship is where your record is in linked with multiple tables. A relationship comes in three different ways: One-to-many-relationship.
One way relationship
Two way relationship
142Key field Diagram
143Online Databaseis a database that can be accessed online around the world. A feature of this is that your details can be shared to multiple companies so you don't need to constantly fill them in whenever you move or switch companies.
144Local DatabaseIs a database that is held inside of a secure network to keep it safe. A feature of this is that its impervious to getting hacked as it is not connected to the internet
145(DBMS)Database management systemsIs a software that allows you to create a database & use your own database.
146Structured Query Language (SQL)SQL is the language used by the DBMS to actually create & search a database
147—Bold
148—Italics
149—Paragraph
150—Image
151—Hyper text markup language
152—Hyperlink
153—list
154—Bullet
155—The main part of the page
156—Heading 1
157—Shows the user what they see
158Threats to data
159How to protect data
160How to stop a OpportunistNever leave your computer logged on. Always log off if you are finished using it.
161How to stop a virusdownload anti virus software and keep it up to date.
162how to stop MalwareDon't download suspicious files and use encryption
163how to stop phishingDon't use your email for every log in you use on different websites.
164How to stop accidental damageUnderstand what you are doing or how to stop a problem that is occurring, also having a backup software
165How to stop hackersDon't put your email and password for websites that do not require them
166Freedom of information ActProvides public access to information held by public authorities.
This was created in the year 2000
It does this in two ways:
Public authorities are obliged to publish certain information about their activities and members of the public are entitled to request information from public authorities
167Copyright,Designs and patents ActCopyright gives the creators of some types of media rights to control how they're used and distributed.
Music, and software can all be covered by copyright law.
When you buy software for example copyright law forbids you from:
Giving a copy to a friend.
making a copy then selling it.
using the software on a network.
Renting the software without the permission of the copyright holder.
1688 Principles of data protection act
169Computer misuse Act 19901. accessing computer material without permission
2.Accessing computer material without permission with intent to commit further criminal offences
3. Altering computer data without permission
170Methods of accessing data.3 of the methods that can be used are: Phishing- Where you are asked for personal information
Piggybacking- When someone gains illegal entry to a restricted site
Pharming-When you are visiting a
website you are directed to a fake website
171Technology used for monitoringTechnology that can be used to monitor people's movements and communications. Add these methods to flashcards
172CCTVSchool, buses, hospitals have CCTV
This is where they have hidden cameras recording continuously throughout the day
173GPS DevicesPhones and any devices will track your location everywhere you go.
174Airport Passenger ListsThis is used so that the country you are visiting can choose whether or not they want to accept you and let you fly in or deny you.
175—Used by html to create tables.