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Flashcards

Unit 1 Revision Flash Cards

Rhys Chape English 170 cards

Unit 1 Revision Flash Cards

Cards in this deck (170)

  1. 1CommunicationServices that let people keep in touch. That means moving data in the form of text, photos, video and audio.
  2. 2Real-time InformationServices that provide up-to-date info. They are constantly updated for people who need to get the latest information.
  3. 3CommerceBusiness so these services involve money in some way. E.G. online shopping and banking.
  4. 4GovernmentThese involve 'official' public services e.g. local councils and national government collecting taxes.
  5. 5EducationInvolves workplace training for businesses as well as learning for schools.
  6. 6EntertainmentMeans services for leisure and fun.
  7. 7BusinessMeans companies using websites to increase efficiency and save money.
  8. 8Download ServicesMeans LEGAL download services, such as for games, music and movies.
  9. 9VLEServices that provide virtual classrooms for students and teachers. An example of this would be VLE.
  10. 10Pay Per ClickA host website (e.g. Facebook) displays and ad for another company (e.g. Adidas). If a visitor clicks the ad, they are sent to the advertiser's site (e.g. Adidas.com). The host website earns money for each visitor who clicks on the advert.
  11. 11Online Advertising-Sponsored LinksCompanies want to be listed first by search engines- so they pay to get their links at the top.
  12. 12Online Advertising- BannersBanners go at the top of pages so you can't miss them! Other ads can be all over a page.
  13. 13Online Advertising- Pop-upsThese appear in new windows so you can't miss them.
  14. 14Online Advertising- EmailMarketing emails go direct to customers' inbox (not illegal SPAM)
  15. 15How online ads can be annoyingNot everyone is happy with the use of cookies and history. Type of malware that generates unwanted ads, often as popups. Some ads play video as soon as the page loads. Ads can take your attention from what you're trying to do.
  16. 16Online communitiesAn online community is a group that only exists online.
  17. 17Network of friendsA group of friends all interested in the same subject online.
  18. 18Virtual WorldThese are things that only exist for example The Sims
  19. 19BlogA web or online journal or video blog that's meant to be updated often.
  20. 20Micro-blogA website or app where short messages are exchanged example Twitter.
  21. 21ChartroomA place on the web where many users online at the same time can communicate 'live'.
  22. 22WikiSites where authorized users can logon to add or edit content.
  23. 23PodcastAudio or video files that are usually published in installments.
  24. 24Chat (Instant Messaging)Form of chat where people are online at the same time and post messages in real time (live).
  25. 25NetiquetteThe correct or acceptable way of using the internet.
  26. 26ProfileA short paragraph giving a description of a person or organization.
  27. 27AvatarAn image or figure representing a particular person in a video game, Internet forum.
  28. 28VoIPIt means Voice over Internet Protocol which means e.g Skype.
  29. 29Advantages of VoIPUses Internet only so no additional costs (unlike phone). Able to connect anywhere-but only if have Internet connection. Reduces travel costs, such as staff
  30. 30Ubiquitous Computing/ The Internet EverywhereIs a concept in software engineering and computer science where computing is made to appear anytime and everywhere. It can occur on any device.
  31. 31Ubiquitous Computing ExampleApple Watch, Amazon Echo speaker, Fit Bit, Smart Traffic Lights, Self Driving Cars.
  32. 32RFID ChipsIt is a tag, label or card that can exchange data with a reader using radio frequency (RF) signals. It usually has a built in antenna and an integrated circuit IC).
  33. 33RFID Chips meaningDelivery Drivers, Lorry drivers, Cars, Race times, Library books,
  34. 34Cloud ComputingThe practice of using a network of remote serves hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and processes data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.
  35. 35Cloud Computing ExamplesAmazon EC2-Virtual IT, Google App Engine-Application hosting.
  36. 36Benefits of Cloud ComputingReduced It costs. Moving to Cloud Computing may reduce the cost of managing and maintaining your IT systems. Scalability. Business continuity.
  37. 37Drawbacks of Cloud ComputingIn order to reap the benefits of cloud computing, your business must always have an internet connection. Security. Technical Issues.
  38. 38Standalone Software(Disadvantages)All uses are restricted to a single computer. On a network, uses can access their files from any connected computer.
  39. 39Standalone Software(Advantages)It saves automatically. If something goes wrong then your computer will be backed up automatically.
  40. 40Backup and RestoreHaving a back-up online means a copy of your files are stored on web serves, so you can restore the files if there's a problem.
  41. 41File CompressionFile compression is a data compression method in which the logical size of a file is reduced to save disk space for easier and faster transmission over a network or the Internet. It enables the creation of a version of one or more files with the same data at a size substantially smaller than the original file.
  42. 42Role of the IndexThe primary role of index numbers is to simplify otherwise complicated comparisons. It is especially useful when comparing currencies that have lots of different nominal values. Some countries even use index numbers to modify public policy, such as adjusting government benefits for inflation
  43. 43AlgorithmA set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-soloing operations, especially by a computer.
  44. 44CompressionThe reduction in volume of the fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine before ign
  45. 45Advantages of Collaborative WorkingIncreased creativity and out-of-the-box thinking. Higher employee productivity. Enhanced stakeholder relationships.
  46. 46The improtance of Version ControlVersion control is important for documents that undergo a lot of revision and redrafting and is particularly important for electronic documents because they can easily be changed by a number of different users. These changes may not be immediately apparent.
  47. 47Levels of AccessThe two most common access levels are public and private, which denote, respectively; permission across the entire program scope, or permission only within the corresponding class. A third, protected, extends permissions to all sub classes of the corresponding class.
  48. 48File permissionFile Permissions. System settings that determine who can access specified files and what they can do with those files. When you place files on a web server, you can assign the files various levels of permission for your users. Likewise, companies often use permissions to limit access to their intranet resources.
  49. 49Online ShoppingOnline shopping is commerce because commerce means buying and selling, especially on a large scale.
  50. 50Advantages of WikiThey do not require HTML or other programming languages. Anyone from Anywhere: Anyone can access as well as manage Wikis from anywhere with an Internet connection.
  51. 51ServerRuns special software to serve other computers.
  52. 52ClientA computer that uses services provided by a server.
  53. 53RouterDevices that route direct data traffic through a network.
  54. 54BackboneA big cable (often fiber optic) that connects a large number of devices in the core of the internet.
  55. 55Network DiagramNetwork Diagram
  56. 56Internet DiagramInternet Diagram
  57. 57ISPISP stands for internet service provider an example of this is BT.
  58. 58Point of PresenceA POP is an access point to the internet.
  59. 59Network access pointA NAP is where different networks interconnect, such as your home network onto the internet.
  60. 60Dial- Up connections AdvantagesCan use existing telephone wires and gives connection where broadband is not available.
  61. 61Dial-Up Connections DisadvantagesOlder technology and can give poor reception, usually slower than other methods and Conversion between digital and analogue can cause errors.
  62. 62Broadband AdvantagesBetter reception and speed than dial-up.
  63. 63Broadband DisadvantagesWired, so has to be used on a stationary computer and broadband is not available in many rural areas.
  64. 64Wireless AdvantagesNot fixed to a computer, can be used whenever wireless Internet is available
    (eg WiFi hotspot)
  65. 65Bandwidth ImageBandwidth Image
  66. 66Bandwidth MeaningIs how much capacity (space) there is to carry digital data as 1s and and 0s. Measured in bits per second.
  67. 67Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)Breaking data into packets, Assembling the packets again when they arrive.
  68. 68Interent Protocal (IP)Handling the routing of packets, that's addressing, sending and reviving packets over the net.
  69. 69File Transfer Protocal (FTP)Protocol which allows files to be transferred between two computers or devices. It is usually used to upload or download files to a server.
  70. 70Hyper Transfer Protocol (HTTP)Hyper Transfer Protocol. HTTP is the set of rules that handle what we do on the web. It handles your REQUEST to load a page from a web server. It will also handle the RESPONSE to download the web page and all its files to your computers.
  71. 71HTTPSThe "S" in HTTPS means secure. Data in the web page is scrambled before sending across the internet. So if data is intercepted, it can't be understood. Protects privacy from hackers.
  72. 72Hyperlink diagramHyperlink diagram
  73. 73HyperlinkThe web works because of hyperlinks. They connect web pages together. When a hyperlink is clicked, a user is taken to another page on the site, or taken to another website.
  74. 74BrowserWeb pages are accessed through browses. These are applications which allow a user to enter URL and view a web page. Your browser reads the HTML code and displays the page.
  75. 75Web ServesWebsites are sorted on web server
  76. 76URL diagramURL diagram
  77. 77ProtocolTells the browser what to do with the URL.
  78. 78Domain NameThis is the name of the website.
  79. 79PathThis points to a specific web page.
  80. 80Diagram Key TermsDiagram Key Terms
  81. 81Client sidePerson who searches on a web browser.
  82. 82Search engineA program that searches for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding particular sites on the World Wide Web.
  83. 83Server engineA database engine (or storage engine) is the underlying software component that a database management system (DBMS) uses to create, read, update and delete (CRUD) data from a database.
  84. 84Spider web crawlerA web crawler (also known as a web spider or web robot) is a program or automated script which browses the World Wide Web in a methodical, automated manner.
  85. 85IndexAn index is a list that provides the location of the items within the database.
  86. 86DatabaseA structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways.
  87. 87Sponsored link resultsA paid advertisement in the form of a hypertext link that show up on search results pages.
  88. 88AdvertsPaid Advertisement
  89. 89Store and ForwardEmails are sent from an sender's Outbox and revived in a recipient's Inbox. The sender and the recipient do not have to be online at the same time. That's great when sending emails to people in different global time zones. This applies to staff in a big company, as well as families and friends.
  90. 90Address book/ contact groupAn address book or a name and address book (NAB) is a book or a database used for storing entries called contacts.
  91. 91CC (carbon copy)A copy of written or typed material made with carbon paper.
  92. 92SMPT diagramSMPT diagram
  93. 93SMTPSimple Mail Transfer Protocol. It pushes outgoing email to a server. If ever a problem sending, them SMPT will keep trying until it's sent.
  94. 94IMAPInternet Message Access Protocol. Lets you access your email on a server. When logon, you pull email server. So you can access 'anytime, anywhere'.
  95. 95Pop 3Post Office Protocol 3. Pop originally came before web mail when people used 'email client software' eg MS Outlook
  96. 96Web mailCan access email on many devices. Email backed up. You must have Net connection. Slow service.
  97. 97Email clientCan access them, even if not online. Client software has more features. Email lost if computer crashes.
  98. 98Data Packet diagramData Packet diagram
  99. 99Packet SwitchingPacket switching is the process of data being broken into 'packets' before being sent through a network and then re-assembled at the other end.
  100. 100Advanatges of Packet SwitchingPackets chose different routes so traffic flow is efficient. Big files can still be sent but don't clog network.
  101. 101Disadvantages of Packet SwitchingIf one or more packets are lost or corrupted during transmission, the whole file will not be received correctly.
  102. 102SimplexSignals go in one direction at a time.Simplex
  103. 103Full DuplexSignals go in both directions at the same time.
  104. 104Half DuplexSignals go in both directions but not simultaneous.
  105. 105Serial and parallel transmissionSerial= Bits of data are transferred one at a time over a wire.
    Parallel= Bits of data are transferred simultaneously- a whole byte can be transferred at the same time
    Serial= Good large distances
    Parallel= Faster because more bits transferred per second.
  106. 106UTP/STPContains pairs of copper wires twisted together. Used for LANs.
  107. 107Co-axialIs solid copper wire with thick shielding. Used to connect TV with aerial.
  108. 108Fibre opticStrands of glass carry data as light. Used for backbone of network
  109. 109InfraredUses infrared light to transmit data. That's very high frequency light.
  110. 110Infrared AdvantageReliable
  111. 111Infrared DisadvantageShort range. Devices must be in line sight. Can suffer from interference.
  112. 112BluetoothUses waves with short wavelengths to transmit data.
  113. 113Bluetooth AdvantageGood for medium distances.
  114. 114Blutooth DisadvantageCan suffer from interference from other devices e.g a
  115. 115SatelliteUses satellites in space to reply data between points on earth e.g Earth
  116. 116Satellite AdvantageGood for very long distances
  117. 117Satellite DisadvantagesVery expensive
  118. 118TCP (Transmison Control Protocol)Breaking data into packets. Assembling the packets again when they arrive.
  119. 119IP (Internet Protocal)Handling the routing of packets. That's addressing, sending and reviving packets over the Net
  120. 120File Transfer Protocol (FTP)Protocol which allows files to be transferred between two computers or devices. It usually used to upload or download files to a server.
  121. 121Network InterfaceHardware for receiving wireless that's built into today's computer's.
  122. 122Client Side ProcessingClient side is viewing web pages on your client device. Today's web pages have lots of features that are interactive. Interactivity is achieved using client scripts written in a language called JavaScript. These client scripts are run by your browser to display the interactive effect.
  123. 123Client Side AdvantagesProcessing is faster on the client because data does not have to travel back to the server across the internet. Data cannot be intercepted on the client in the same way it can be when data is transmitted back to the server across the internet.
  124. 124Client Side DisadvantagesDifferent browsers process client scripts in different ways, therefore a web developer cannot be sure how their website will appear on a screen the client side
  125. 125Server Side ProcessingServer side means processing data at the back end on the web server. That's all the nerdy work that ordinary people never think about. It's done using special server scripts written in server-side languages such as PHP. All this usually happens after you've done something on a web page.
  126. 126Server Side AdvantagesA web server is likely to be way more powerful than a client computer, so it can process data faster. Servers don't use Browsers so there are none of the difficulties you get on the client with different brands. Everything is done on the server, so no need to wait for downloads.
  127. 127Server Side DisadvantagesWhen data is send back from the client, it has to travel across the Internet where there is more risk of security threats. If a lot of users are asking the web server to process data, it could overload the server and cause it ti crash (e.g when thousands if people try and book gig tickets).
  128. 128DatabaseA database is a structured collection data. A field are the columns in a table e.g . forename, surname, gender, date of birth. The primary key is a special field with a unique identifier e.g. a student ID.
  129. 129TableA table stores a set of data e.g. details of all the students in school.
  130. 130RecordA record is one row that stores data about a single item e.g. a student's details.
  131. 131FieldA field are the columns in a table e.g . forename, surname, gender, date of birth.
  132. 132Primary KeyThe primary key is a special field with a unique identifier e.g. a student ID.
  133. 133TextAny kind of characters, including letters and numbers.
  134. 134NumberNumerical values
  135. 135Data/TimeDates and times
  136. 136BooleanOne of two values, such as Yes/No or True/False
  137. 137Foreign KeyThe Supplier ID is not really product data. So its called Foreign Key. Its purpose is to link to the Supplier table.
  138. 138RelationshipMost databases need more than one table to store all the data. So the tables need to be linked (or related) to create a relational database.
  139. 139Patient Database Key FieldPatient Database Key Field
  140. 140Local DatabaseLocal means a database held inside a network to keep it secure.
  141. 141Online DatabaseOnline means a database that could be accessed around the world.
  142. 142DBMSA DBMS is a software that allows you to create and use your own database. It creates tables and allows you to search and sort data. It handles security to prevent UN-authorized access. It can also allow for different levels of access for different users.
  143. 143SQLSQL is the language used by a DBMS to actually create and search a database. It has a Data Definition Language (DDL) to set-up the tables. And it has a Data Man
  144. 144—Make a heading on a web page
  145. 145—Make a paragraph of text
  146. 146—Make text bold
  147. 147—Make text italic
  148. 148—Underline text
  149. 149—Create a line break
  150. 150—Insert an Image
  151. 151—Create a hyperlink
  152. 152Drawback of using Email isYou have to have every word slept correctly even if you have made an simple spelling error.
  153. 153E-voting (voting onine)The government use e-voting because if someone had a disability it would be more convenient for them, not for them to leave their homes. It could also save the government money because people would not be needed to set up polling stations.
  154. 154Threats to dataThreats to data
  155. 155OpportunistA company's network security can be breached by people who take a random opportunity, such as an unattended PC.
  156. 156VirusViruses are malicious programs designed
  157. 157Freedom of Information Act 2000Public authorities are obliged to publish certain information about their activities ; and members of the public are entitled to request information from the public authorities.
  158. 158The Copyright, Designs and Patents ActCopyright gives the creators of some types of media rights to control how they're used and distributed. Music, books, video's and software can all be copyright law. For example, giving a copy to a friend, making a copy and selling it, using the software on a network, renting the software without the copyright holder.
  159. 1598 Principles of the Data Protection Act8 Principles of the Data Protection Act
  160. 160The Computer Miuse Act 1990Accessing computer material without permission (Access without damage). Accessing computer material without permission with intent to commit further criminal offences (Access with damage). Altering computer data without permission.
  161. 161The computer Misuse Act 1990- Methods of access data.Phishing- where you are asked for personal information such as bank details so money can be taken from the bank but no damage is done to the computer.
    Piggybacking- where someone gains illegal entry to a restricted site on the back of a legal entrant but no damage is done to the computer.
    Pharming- when visiting a website you are (automatically) directed to a fake website, when you enter personal details, they are stolen.
  162. 162CCTVCCTV record movements.
  163. 163GPSGPS in phones track your location.
  164. 164Travel dataTravel data e.g. airport passenger lists.
  165. 165Monitoring EmailsAuthorities monitoring emails and web.
  166. 166Monitoring websites visitedSearch engines logging your keywords.
  167. 167MonitoringSites using cookies to track browsing
  168. 168Two HTML tags to create a tableand
  169. 169Two componets of network packetHeader and Trailer
  170. 170Two techniques of data incriptionSymmetric encryption and Asymmetric encryption.

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Flashcards on Unit 1 Revision Flash Cards , created by Rhys Chape on 14/10/2019.
Created by
Rhys Chape · Oct 2019
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Dec 18, 2019
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