Flashcards
Dog behaviour
Cards in this deck (58)
- 1Behaviour definitionaction or pattern of actions which is a consequence of interactions between genes and the environment
- 2What is behaviour influenced byGenetics
Experience
Environment - 3EthologyZoological study of animal behaviour
Behaviour is under evolutionary pressure - 4How do genes influence behaviourGenes initiate development pattern
Behaviour influences reproductive success - 5OntongenyDevelopment of behaviour after conception - can analyse the effects of genetics and environment in behaviour:
Innate vs. learned - 6Innate behavioursDisplayed regardless of environment
modified by learning - 7Immediate causation of behaviourStimuli
Motivation
Response - 8Body mechanisms involved in behaviourPerception
Physiological factors
Neural processing
Mechanical responses - 9Canine problem behaviour categories (5)Fear/Anxiety
Aggression
Stereotypies
Elimination disorders
Miscellaneous: destruction, barking, chasing - 10Stereotypic behaviour in dogsGrooming
Hallucinatory - chasing flies
Locomotory - pacing
Consumption - excessive eating
Vocalisation - barking
Neurotic - self biting - 11Why is stereotypic behaviour a problem?Physical exhaustion from repetition
Self mutilation
Unpleasant for dog and owner
Indicative of underlying problem with environment
Interferes with ability to interact with environment - compromised welfare - 12Why does stereotypic behaviour occurUnpredictable environment or routine
Lack of variety and boredom
Stress, abuse, fear
No socialisation
Lack of resources
Attention seeking
improper training - 13Medical causes of stereotypiesGrooming: Allergy, parasites
Hallucinatory & neurotic: Neurological dysfunction, toxicity
Locomotory: Vestibular disease or brain tumors
Consumption: Diabetes, hyperthyroidism, dental disease - 14Treatment of stereotypic behaviourIdentify trigger
Training to redirect behaviour
Environment enrichment
Drugs - 15Training to modify stereotypic behaviourAvoid punishment
Must be consistent
Reward desired behaviour immediately - 16Prognosis of correcting behaviour problemsWith a combination of medication and behaviour modification, 2/3 of dogs can be controlled
- 17Categorisation of aggressionBy target
by body language: offensive/defensive
By function: food, territory, maternal
By motivation: resource protection, access to resources, defence of self or group - 18Aggression motivations (6)Maternal
Pain
Food
Fear
Protection
Resource defence - 19Types of aggressionPain
Fear/Anxiety
Maternal
Territorial
Protective
Food
Predatory
Play
Redirected - 20Signs of aggressionVisual: Body position, piloerection, baring teeth, staring
Auditory: Growling, barking
Tactile: Biting
Olfactory - 21Safety considerations for owner before consultAvoid punishment
Avoid triggers
Control and muzzle
Keep in secure environment
Remove triggers - 22Risk assessmentOwners ability and experience
Number and severity of incidents
Risk of serious damage
Frequency - 23Indicators for a behaviour referralOwner has little understanding of risk
Dog has or likely to inflict severe damage
vulnerable people in household
Multiple or complex issues
Prosecution underway - 24Behavioural signs of fear aggressionLow head and body
Tail tucked
Piloerection
Ears tucked back
Snarling - 25Behavioural signs of fearAvoidance
Salivation
Yawning
elimination
Hiding
Low tail
appeasing behaviour
digging - 26Fear aggression behaviour modificationAvoid fearful situations
Relaxation, habituation + CC
Reward relaxed behaviour
Medication
No punishment - 27Territory aggression modificationID trigger
Don't leave to patrol yard unsupervised
Secure perimeter
Don't let visitors meet dog
Muzzle train
Avoid punishment
Relaxation training - 28Food aggressionForm of resource protection, a normal dog behaviour
Cab be directed to other animals and humans
Warn individuals away from food via barking, growling, snarling - 29Management of food aggressionRemove bowl and feed from hand until comfortable,
or feed dog in an area away from people where it feels safe, the threat is removed - 30Impulse control aggressionReplacing status aggression
Abnormal out of context aggression, increases when trying to control dog
stiff, staring, blocking or grabbing people when touched
Dogs never fully relaxed, have generalised anxiety - 31Management of impulse control aggressionIdentify stimulus, avoid punishment, exercise caution and muzzle dog
Train relaxation
Reward obedience
All resources under human control
Have consistent routine - 32Prevention of aggressionGood socialisation
Consistent, structured routine
Good food habits
Castration
Obedience with multiple people - 33Abnormal barkingOut of context in severity to stimulus
Uncontrollable
Repetitive and monotonic
Anxiety, OCD
Territorial, anxiety, attention seeking - 34Causes of barkingResponse to stimulus
Attention seeking
Social
Territorial
Hyperactivity
Fear Anxiety
Separation anxiety
Compulsive disorder - 35Territorial barkingOccurs at home or in car
Barking as target approaches and reinforced as target departs
Continues despite punishment - 36Behaviour modification of territory barkingPlace dog where it can't see targets
Train quiet barking on command
reward alternative behaviour
Don't let visitors greet the dog - 37Attention seeking barkingStops when attention given
Learned and conditioned via inadvertent reinforcement
Focussed on a person or food
Progress from nudging to pawing to nipping - 38Behaviour modification for attention seeking barkingRemoving reinforcement by ignoring barking
Tell neighbours that treatment is happening
Negative punishment and rewarding alternative behaviour
Start consistent routine
Retrain to earn resources - 39Separation anxietyBarking does not stop for hours, stops when preferred person returns
Stop reinforcement by saying goodbye/greeting on arrival
Train to earn resources
No punishment
Consider medication and pheromones - 40What to do if dog is at risk of being impounded for barkingApproach neighbours and tell them about treatment
Seek vet and professional help
Place dog away from targets or triggers
Blind off fences and windows
Put dog in crate or kennel - 41Using punishment to treat barkingWill work for territorial and attention seeking behaviour but NOT fear or social anxiety and compulsive disorders
Always follow by treating and reinforcing alternative behaviour - 42Prevention of barkingNever reward barking
Socialise young puppies well
Encourage quiet behaviour
Basic obedience training - 43FearNormal response to a perceived threatening stimulus
- 44AnxietyEmotional response to a stimulus that may predict a potentially harmful situation
- 45PhobiaExcessive fear disproportional to stimulus that persists after the stimulus is removed that interferes with normal behaviour
Does not habituate - 46Why do dogs develop fear, anxiety and phobias?Poor socialisation
Bad experiences
Genetics
Reinforced behaviour
Inadequate lifestyle and environment - 47Separation AnxietyExclusively during owners absence caused by dysfunctional attachment relationship to owner.
Can caused by change of owner, death in family, moving, change to routine, traumatic experiences - 48Clinical signs of separation anxietyExcessive barking, elimination in house and destruction of items in owner's absence
Whining and trembling before owner leaves and excitement on return
Chewing, self mutilation, pacing, digging can lead to injury - 49Treatment of separation anxietyPrevention in puppies: designated periods of alone time
Sufficient enrichment and consistent daily routines
Thundershirts & pheromones
Relaxation
Avoid punishment
CC+SD - 50Fireworks anxiety treatmentsIncrease exercise, enriching environment + hiding place, pheromones, medication, thundershirts
- 51Firework anxiety long term treatmentsSD: graduated exposure and habituation, expose to recording of noise at increasing volumes letting the dog habituate
CC: Play noise then reward instantly - 52Dog-Human relationshipsResult of genetics, early handling and socialisation based on learning and consequence
- 53Time budget of dogsSleep and rest (56%)
Hunting and scavenging (25%)
Play and social (12%)
Grooming and elimination - 54Reproduction and gestationFemales 6-12 months
Males 10 months
2 oestrus cycles per year
63-65 days gestation - 55Best time for training puppies8-12 weeks
- 56When is bite inhibition learned?8 weeks
- 57Best time to home a puppy8-12 weeks
9-10 best - 58When does investigative behaviour decreasefrom week 5 to week 9
Information
- Description
- Behaviour and Welfare Flashcards on Dog behaviour, created by Kelly Scott on 29/10/2019.
- Created by
- Kelly Scott · Oct 2019
- Updated
- Oct 30, 2019
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