Flashcards
Multi store model of memory
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1Define ‘capacity’The maximum amount that something can contain
- 2Define 'Duration'The time during which something continues
- 3Define 'Encoding'converting information into a particular form
- 4Describe the Multi store model of memory
- 5One weakness of he multi store model of memoryMSM over simplifies STM
STM is no longer regarded as a single store. The working model of memory demonstrates that STM is made up of at least 3 seperate components: the Central Executive; the Phonological Loop; and the Visuo-Spatial Scratchpad - 6One strengh of the multi store model of memorySupported by empiracle evidence; 'Glanzer' and 'Cunitz' These findings support the MSM because it shows that there are differences between the STM and the LTM and that they are 2 separate stores.
- 7capacity of the STMMost adults can store between 5 and 9 items in their short-term memory. (7 + / - 2)
- limited capacity - 8Capacity of LTMcapacity of long term memory could be unlimited
- 9DUration of STMlimited duration (storage is very fragile and information can be lost with distraction or passage of time)
but usually between between 15 and 30 seconds. - 10Duration of LTMDuration might be a few minutes or a lifetime.
Probably unlimited. - 11encoding STMencoding (primarily acoustic, even translating visual information into sounds). - Baddley study 1966
- 12ENcoding LTMlong-term memory tends to store information according to semantics (meaning) rather than simply sound.
- 13studies that have investigated the mulit store model of memoryPeterson and peterson: Duration of STM
Bahrick et al: Duration of LTM
Baddley: encoding in STM and LTM - 14Peterson and peterson: duration of the STMAims: to test how long stm lasts when rehearsal is prevented
Procedure: P's given sets of tri grams, asked to recall in order after a delay of 3,6,9,12,15 and 18 seconds. to prevent rehearsal p's were given a task to do
Findings: After 3 seconds = 80% correct recall
After 18 seconds = less than 10% recall
conclusion: STM is limited to 20 seconds - 15Bahrick et al: duration of LTM (aims)to test duration of LTM using real life memories
- 16Bahrick et el: duration of LTM: (procedure)P's aged 17-74
recall was tested in 4 ways:
1. Free recall of the names of as many of their former classmates as possible.
2.They were asked to identify former classmates in a set of 50 photos, only some were their classmates.
3. A name recognition test.
4. A name and photo matching test. - 17Bahrick et al: Duration of LTM: (Findings)90% accuracy in FACE AND NAME RECOGNITION after 34 YEARS
80% accuracy for NAME RECOGNITION after 48 YEARS
40% accuracy for FACE RECOGNITION after 48 YEARS
60% accuracy for FREE RECALL after 15 YEARS
30% accuracy for FREE RECALL after 30 YEARS - 18Bahrick et al: Duration of L:TM (conclusions)Classmates are rarely forgotten, but cues are sometimes needed.
Recognition was better then recall. - 19Baddley: encoding in STM and LTM: (aims)To explore the effects of acoustic and semantic coding in Short term memory and long term memory
- 20Baddley: Encoding in STM and LTM: (procedures)acoustically similar words, (man, mad, map):
-acoustically dissimilar words (pen, day few):
-semantically similar words (great, big, large):
-semantically dissimilar words (hot, old, late): - 21Baddley: encoding in STM and LTM: (findings)•Words with similar sounds were much harder to recall using STM than words with dissimilar sounds
•Similarity of meaning had only a very slight detrimental effect on STM
•When participants were recalling from LTM, recall was much worse for semantically similar words than for semantically dissimilar words
•Recall from LTM was the same for acoustically similar and acoustically dissimilar words - 22Baddley: encoding in STM and LTM: (conclusions)STM relies on encoding.
LTM relies on semantic coding. - 23Define memorythe way the mind stores and remembers information
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- Flashcards on Multi store model of memory , created by Lucy-Wood on 13/02/2015.
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