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| Question | Answer |
| Experiment 1 Aim | To see if leading questions can distort memory |
| Researchers names (Dates) | Loftus & Palmer (1974) |
| Experiment 1 Participants & Number of participants | University of Washington students & 45 Participants - 9 in each condition |
| Experiment 1 Research Method & Type of Design | Lab Experiment & Independent Samples |
| Experiment 1 Number of Conditions | 5 |
| Experiment 1 Number of film clips used | 7 |
| Experiment 1 Critical Question | About how fast were the cars going when they ***** (into) each other |
| Experiment 1 Verbs used | Smashed, collided, bumped, hit, contacted |
| Experiment 1 Independent variable & Dependent variable | The verb used & The estimates of speed |
| Experiment 1 Mean estimates of speed in the 5 conditions | 40.8, 39.3, 38.1, 34, 31.8 |
| Experiment 1 Conclusion | Leading questions can distort memory |
| Experiment 1 Generalisability | Limited sample of university students |
| Experiment 1 Reliability | Controlled environment allows replication |
| Experiment 1 Application | Has highlighted the need for the police to ensure they do not ask leading questions |
| Experiment 1 Ecological Validity | Ecological validity is low as the participants are prepared for the event |
| Experiment 1 Experimental validity | Experimental validity is low if the results are due to demand characteristics (response bias) |
| Aim for Experiment 2 | To distinguish between memory distortion and response bias |
| Experiment 2 Number of participants | 150 participants - 50 in each condition |
| Experiment 2 Number of conditions | 3 |
| Experiment 2 Critical question | About how fast were the cars going when they ***** (into) each other? |
| Experiment 2 Verbs Used | Smashed, hit, none |
| Experiment 2 Independent variable | The verb used |
| Experiment 2 Dependent variable | Whether they remember seeing broken glass |
| Experiment 2 Time delay before final test | One week |
| Experiment 2 Test question | Did you see any broken glass? |
| Experiment 2 Results for smashed condition | 16 |
| Experiment 2 Results for hit condition | 7 |
| Experiment 2 Results for control condition | 6 |
| Experiment 2 Conclusion | Memory can be distorted by post event information |
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