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Description
Flashcards by Marissa Alvarez, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Marissa Alvarez
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Concepts to understand | What is enzyme, enzyme terminology, and its function The Six Classes of Enzymes Michaelis—Menten Equation Special cases of low and high (saturation) substrate concentrations Lineweaver—Burk Equation and its use to determine v max and K |
| Enzymes ___ most of the biochemical reactions: Rate increase & Activity regulation Do not get ____ during the reaction Specificity (very ___) Systematic name: substrate name + type of reaction + 'ase' | catalyzes consumed ' specific |
| Enzyme ___ activation energy barrier to speed up reaction Enzyme is a catalyst that does NOT get ___ in reaction Enzyme does NOT change ____ constants Enzyme does NOT change the ___ energy difference between reactanct & products | lowers used equilibrium Gibbs |
| Enzyme terminology Substrate: The molecule on which an enzyme acts. Catalytic center or Active site: The specific site where the substrate ___ to an enzyme. Transition state: Substrate and enzyme form a ___. -->Complex energy is ___ compared to that of the substrate and products. Enzyme-substrate complex transforms into Enzyme-product complex to form final ____ _____: Molecules or ions that are essential for the catalytic activity, includes metals or small organic molecules, e.g., heme. | binds complex higher products Cofactors |
| The Six Classes of Enzymes Oxidoreductase: ___ -____ reactions Transferases: ___ transfer Hydrolases: ___ breakdown Lyases: ___ of groups by a mechanism other than hydrolysis and leaving behind double bonds Isomerases: Interconversion of ___ Ligases: Ligation or ___ of two substrates | Oxidation-reduction Group Hydrolytic Removal isomers joining |
| Oxidoreductase: Oxidation-reduction reactions electrons are transferred Oxidation = __ electrons (lose H) Reduction = ___ electrons (gain H) | lose gain |
| Transferases = group transfer | |
| Hydrolases: Hydrolytic breakdown (bonds are broken by using H2O) | |
| Lyases = REMOVAL of groups by mechanism OTHER than hydrolysis |
Image:
Lyases (binary/octet-stream)
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| Isomerases = interconversion of isomers -->EX: D-alanine is used/produced by some bacteria | |
| Ligases = ligation or joining of two substrates |
Image:
Igases (binary/octet-stream)
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| Michaelis - Menten Case [S] --> 0 Km ___ [S] so Km + [S] is about = Km Vo is about equal to __ / ___ First Order = V = k[S] = k[S]^1 rate equals ___ | >> Vmax/Km[S] k[S] |
| Michaelis - Menten Case [S] --> infinity , Saturation km ___ [S] so Km + [S] is about equal to [S} Vo = Vmax = K2[E]total Zero Order = V = k [S]^0 Rate = k Vo = ___ | << k Vmax |
| Michaelis - Menten Case [S] ---> infinity Vmax = kn[E]total = kcat[E]total kcat = ___ constant | catalytic |
| Michaelis - Menten Case vo =Vmax/2 where rate = 1/2 [S] = ___ High Km = ___ affinity |
km
low
Image:
Vmax (binary/octet-stream)
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| Double reciprocal Lineweaver-Burk Plot = Permitted experimental ____ of Km and Vmax without the use of a computer | estimation |
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