Flashcards
memory - hipocampus - pysilogical
Cards in this deck (13)
- 1hippocampuspysiolgical
- 2what did people believe hippocampus was for in the start?believed it was linked to smell and olfaction
- 3where did the link between hippocampus and memory start?*started with patient HM
*bike accident and resulted in severe epileptic fits
*Scoville did surgery and removed 2 3rds of hippocampus
*lead to HM having anterograde amnesia- couldn't make new memories after surgery.
*also had impaired retrograde amnesia, past life memories were not perfect - 4the anatomy of the hippocampus*the hippocampi live in the medial temporal lobes
*four main areas of the hippocampi starting from bottom and looping up
1. parahippocampal gyrus
2. the entorhinal cortex
3. the proper hippocampus that involves CA1, CA2, CA3,
4. CA4, and the dente gyrus, which is important as neurogenesis happens here - 5what were the first steps after HM to look at hippocampus and memory?lesioning animals
- 6shuttle box: active avoidance*train rats to avoid unpleasant experiences, on some side of the boxes is electric shock.
*un-lesioned rat jumps from side to side to avoid current
* would think that lesioned rats couldn't learn this and remember so wouldn't jump
* found they learned to do it more quickly - 7skinners box: operant conditioning*the simple version is that in skinners box the rat pressed the lever and food was dispensed and that reinforced behaviour and then get better at it
*you would think lesioned rats would forget or not do this as quickly
*but they end up doing it more quickly - 8visual discriminationthis is where the rat would see certain things on a screen and would be trained to discriminate between the two or example press when see a circle not a square
*think that lesioned rats would not be able to do this
*they could still do it - 9trying to explain active avoidance- you have the passive avoidance task*they had one part of box bright and open which rats hate and another part of the box small and dark which they love
*if put in the box, non-lesioned rats will run around and go into small dark place, in which they were given a shock, so would run away from shock and stay in light
*lesioned rats do not learn this they stay getting shocked in little black box
*this theory suggested this was because they didn't actively have to do anything and learn anything it was passive - 10to explain skinners box- perseveration*one answer to this was perseveration
*this is when you get stuck in the same loop so continue to do the same thing
*in this one with normal rats they stopped reinforcing behaviour and stopped pairing food with lever press- the normal rats stopped pressing lever
*lesioned rats kept pressing it as if they were stuck in a loop and couldn't learn to not press it - 11all about spontaneous alteration- maze learning*rats tend to be good at mazes, normal rats do spontaneous alteration, they'll go down one path come back then go down the other
*lesioned rats don't do this, they don't show spontaneous alteration and go down same path over and over again - 12then questioned what is the function of the hippocampus*especially when they kept getting mixed results
- 13behavioural inhibition theory of the function of H* this theory suggested hippocampus was linked with behavioural inhibition
*linked to perseveration they cant stop doing something so this is a problem with inhibition
*they could learn to do tasks but could not undo or reverse their learning -Douglas-1967
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- Flashcards on memory - hipocampus - pysilogical, created by leah davidson on 16/03/2020.
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