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| Question | Answer |
| electrolyte | compound that forms ions while in aqueous solution or in a molten state |
| electric current | movement of charged particles |
| electrolysis | the passage of an electric current through an electrolyte resulting in a chemical change in the electrolyte |
| electrolytic conduction | 1. possible because of mobile ions 2. electrolyte eventually decomposes |
| metallic conduction | 1. possible because of mobile electrons which move under the influence of an electric field 2. during metallic conduction, the metal remains unchanged |
| electrochemical series | metals in order of reactivity |
| moving DOWN the electrochemical series we see... | 1. decrease in ease of ionisation 2. weaker reducing agents 3. corroded less readily 4. decrease in reactivity |
| strong electrolyte | high concentration of ions: strong acids and alkalis, aqueous and molten ionic compounds |
| weak electrolyte | low concentration of ions, do not ionise fully: weak acids and alkalis, |
| conductor | has low resistance and allows current to flow through it |
| insulator | has a high resistance and restricts the flow of an electric current through it |
| electrode | electrical conductor that connects the battery to the electrolyte for conduction of an electric current |
| anode- oxidation happens here | electrode that is attached to the positive terminal of the battery and removes electrons from the electrolyte anions move toward the anode |
| cathode- reduction happens here | electrode that is attached to the negative terminal of the battery and supplies electrons to the electrolyte cations move toward the cathode since it is negatively charged |
| an anion or cation is said to have been discharged when... | it undergoes oxidation (at the anode) or reduction (at the cathode) |
| preferential discharge of ions | the oxidation or reduction of certain ions in preference to other ions present during electrolysis |
| active electrode | take part in electrolysis |
| inert electrode | do not take part in electrolysis |
| electroplating | the deposit of a thin layer of one metal on top of another, either to protect the inner layer or for the sake of appearance |
| electrorefining | the purification of metals using electrolysis |
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