21908762
Description
Flashcards by Sam Adeyiga, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sam Adeyiga
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Define Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) | patient has no urinary symptoms, but 2 consecutive urine cultures show > 105 (100,000) bacteriaCFUs/mL of urine with the same microorganism |
| Trt of Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is recommended in -------- | 1. children or pregnant females 2. in other adults, treatment is only recommended prior to an invasive urological procedure (to prevent introduction of bacteria). |
| What kind of UTI infection is Candiduria? | 1. Fungal UTI: yeast 2. is a yeast in the urinary tract |
| Define re-Infection (80%) | 1. a UTI caused by a completely new infection 2. typically occurs > 2 weeks after the completion of therapy for a previous UTI. |
| Re-infection: trt for a pt w/ < 3 infections per year include | each episode shd be treated as a separately occurring infection, usually with a short course of antibiotic therapy. |
| Re-infection: trt for a pt w/ > 3 infections per year include | 1. identify RF like Sex, if yes = void after intercourse, take a SMX/TMP (400/80 mg) single strength tablet after each sex 2. prophylactic therapy daily for 6 months. |
| Oral prophylactic therapy for Re infection include | 1. one-half SMX/TMP SS tablet 2. trimethoprim 100 mg 3. nitrofurantoin 50 - 100 mg 4. Levofloxacin 500 mg PO daily can also be used as prophylaxis = beware of "collateral damage" |
| Define relapse (20%) | 1. a UTI caused by the same pathogen that didn’t have complete eradication. 2. typically occurs WITHIN 2 weeks of completion of antibiotic therapy for a previous UTI. |
| If a patient relapses after short-course therapy, treatment should be given with a different agent for 2 weeks [T or F] | True |
| For relapse, If the patient previously received 2 weeks of therapy, treatment should be extended to -------- weeks | 4 weeks |
| Patients who previously received 4 to 6 weeks of treatment may need a ---------- evaluation to correct any obstruction. In males who relapse, ---------- should be considered | 1. urologic 2. prostatitis |
| TRUE OR FALSE: Bacteriuria is common and DOES NOT typically warrant antibiotic therapy in Catheterized patients (even if there are > 100,000 CFUs bacteria/mL). | True |
| True or False: UA and cultures are usually not performed in patients with a catheter because it is almost always positive. | True |
| For symptomatic Catheter-Associated UTI (CAUTI), treatment do ---------- ? | 1. a catheter change plus 2. a 7-14 day course of antibiotic therapy |
| Catheterized patients w/ prompt resolution of symptoms (i.e. w/n 48 hrs) shd have antibodies for --------? | 7 days |
| Catheterized patients w/ delayed resolution of symptoms shd have antibodies for --------? | 14 days |
| catheterized patients are also at higher risk of MDROs including (1)--------------, (2) -----------------? | 1. Staphylococcus aureus 2. Candida albicans |
| True or False: A UTI in a pregnant female is considered uncomplicated in most cases | True |
| For pregnancy, (1) ------------- and (2) ----------- are safe to use in all trimesters of pregnancy | 1. Amoxicillin/clavulanate 2. cephalosporins |
| Avoid ------------- in late pregnancy (38-42 weeks) | nitrofurantoin |
| ---------------- has increased fetal risks | Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim |
| categories of prostatitis include | 1. Acute bacterial prostatitis 2. chronic bacterial prostatitis 3. chronic abacterial prostatitis 4. granulomatous prostatitis |
| Acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis are caused by these pathogens ----------- [KEEPP] | 1. result from aerobic, Gram-negative rods. 2. E. coli 3. Klebsiella 4. Proteus 5. Enterococcus spp 6. Pseudomonas |
| Acute bacterial prostatitis as a result of | urine from the posterior urethra or from the urinary bladder, but can also occur as a result of hematogenous spread from a distant site, or from surgical manipulation of the urethra or prostate gland itself |
| Chronic abacterial prostatitis | 1. lacks the history of recurrent urinary tract infections 2. lacks a positive bacterial culture from prostatic secretions. |
| Granulomatous prostatitis can be caused by | 1. a fungal source (fungal granulomatous prostatitis) that is typically only seen in immunocompromised patients, or by treatment of bladder cancer. |
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