Flashcards
IP addressing
Cards in this deck (11)
- 1The IP addressAn IP address is a 32-bit number made up from 4 8-bit numbers separated by full stops.
- 2The IP address structureAn IP address is split into two parts
The network part:
In most IP addresses the first 2 bytes
Identifies the unique number assigned to your network.
The host part:
In most IP addresses the last 2 bytes
Identifies the unique number assigned to your machine - 3Public AddressesPublic addresses are assigned by InterNIC and consist of class-based network IDs or blocks of CIDR-based addresses (called CIDR blocks) that are guaranteed to be globally unique to the Internet.
- 4Private IP AddressesA private IP address is the address space allocated by InterNIC to allow organizations to create their own private network.
There are three IP blocks (1 class A, 1 class B and 1 class C) reserved for a private use. - 5IP Class AClass A addresses are assigned to networks with a very large number of hosts.
The high-order bit in a class A address is always set to zero.
The next seven bits (completing the first octet) complete the network ID.
The remaining 24 bits (the last three octets) represent the host ID.
This allows for 126 networks and 16,777,214 hosts per network. - 6IP Class BClass B addresses are assigned to medium-sized to large-sized networks.
The two high-order bits in a class B address are always set to binary 1 0. The next 14 bits (completing the first two octets) complete the network ID.
The remaining 16 bits (last two octets) represent the host ID.
This allows for 16,384 networks and 65,534 hosts per network. Figure 1.5 illustrates the structure of class B addresses. - 7IP Class CClass C addresses are used for small networks.
The three high-order bits in a class C address are always set to binary 1 1 0.
The next 21 bits (completing the first three octets) complete the network ID. The remaining 8 bits (last octet) represent the host ID.
This allows for 2,097,152 networks and 254 hosts per network. Figure 1.6 illustrates the structure of class C addresses. - 8Subnet MaskingLarge local networks can be divided up into subnets.
It is a 32-bit number that divides the IP into host and network sections
Subnet masks are identified using a CIDR notation at the end on an IP address
CIDR – Classless inter domain routing - 9Subnet MaskingSubneting an IP network is to separate a big network into smaller multiple networks for reorganization and security purposes.
All hosts on a sub network can see all the packets this heavy traffic can have an effect of service speed. - 10IPv4 and IPv6IPv4 and IPv6 were introduced to help with IP address shortage.
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- Flashcards on IP addressing, created by Ed Allen on 18/05/2020.
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- Ed Allen
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