2339146
Description
Flashcards by Chloe Fairbrother, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chloe Fairbrother
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| WHO was CLAUDIUS GALEN, and WHERE and WHEN did he WORK? | A Greek doctor, who WORKED in ROME during the 2nd CENTURY, A.D. |
| HOW did he FURTHER DEVELOP the 'THEORY OF THE FOUR HUMOURS' first introduced by HIPPOCRATES? | He suggested that THE BALANCE of A PATIENT'S FOUR HUMOURS could be RESTORED by HIS 'THEORY OF OPPOSITES'. For example... Too much phlegm (a cold illness associated with Winter) should be aided with a 'hot' form of treatment, such as chilli peppers to RESTORE BALANCE! |
| What TYPES OF PEOPLE did he often TREAT at one point, allowing him to GAIN EXPERIENCE with TREATING INTERESTING INJURIES? | Gladiators. |
| WHY did he often carry out DISSECTIONS on ANIMAL REMAINS rather than HUMAN CORPSES? What IMPACT did this have on the PROGRESSION of MEDICAL ADVANCEMENT? | DISSECTIONS were considered DISRESPECTFUL many, as it was BELIEVED that ALL BODY PARTS were needed in order to enter the AFTERLIFE! Because of this, RELIGION was therefore HOLDING BACK MEDICAL PROGRESSION! |
| HOW MANY texts concerning MEDICINE and SURGERY did he GALEN publish during his lifetime? WHY were they so SIGNIFICANT? | 350! These texts SUMMARISED the EXTENT of MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE at the time! |
| What was considered his MOST FAMOUS EXPERIMENT? (Which he REPEATED many times!) | A PIG was strapped to a table; Galen OPENED ITS NECK and CUT CERTAIN NERVES to PROVE that MOVEMENT and THE VOICE are CONTROLLED BY THE BRAIN! |
| What was GALEN'S OVERALL AIM? | To LEARN HOW THE BODY WORKS! |
| What MISTAKE did GALEN make when DISSECTING A DOG? | He stated that the LEFT KIDNEY was LOWER than the RIGHT KIDNEY. |
| What TWO WAYS did GALEN use to get AROUND the RESTRICTIONS of being UNABLE TO DISSECT A HUMAN BODY? | 1. By BREAKING INTO TOMBS to STUDY CORPSES (mmm...) 2. Studied MUMIFICATION during HIS DOCTORAL TRAINING in EGYPT. |
| Crucially, WHY did NO-ONE CHALLENGE GALEN'S MISTAKES? | Christianity SUPPORTED HIS IDEAS! Therefore, NO-ONE DARED to CONTRADICT him - as this would, effectively, be on par with COMMITTING HERESY! |
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