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Antiarrhythmic medicaton drug tht strengthens the contractions of the heart muscle slows the heart rate and helps elimate fluid from the body tissue. It is often used to treat congestive heart failure and is also used to treate certain arrhythmias	digatalis
antiarrhythmic medications that slow the heart rate decrease cardiac out, lessen the force with which the heart muscle contracts and reduces blood vessel contraction. They do this by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in various parts of the body they are? name two drugs?	Beta blockers lopressor and trprol XL
drugs to treat cardiogenuic shock 1 vasoactive drugs causeing 2 inotropic drugs to 3 diureticsodium 4 bicargonate to treat antiobiotics and antiarrhythmics and steroids 5 morphine sulfate to	1 vasoconstriciton 2 improve cardiac contractility 3 increase urine output 4 acidosis 5 dilate veins, anxiety and pain
in cardiogenic shock cerebral perfusion do what ? 2 hypotension or hypertension? 3 heart rate is ? 4nails and lips and skin are 5back flow of blood causes 6 cool clammy and mottled skin is due to	1 decrease 2 hypotension 3 tachycardia 4 cyanosis 5 jugular distention 6 vasoconstriction
symptoms of this is anxiety, restlessness, altered mental status, decrease in cerebral perfusion and hypoxia, hypotension decrease in CO, rapid weak thready pulse tachycardia, rapid and deep respiration hyperventilation, fagigue doe to hyperventilation and hypoxia , pulmonary edema, cyanosis retention of blood in teh right side of the heart, increased right aterial pressure, back flow of blood via vena cava jugular distention cool clammy , and mottled skin vasoconstriciton, low urin output oliguria insufficent renal perfusion and anuria	Cardiogenic shock
cardiogenic shoch is inadequate circulation of blood what is failing? Cariogenic shock is casused by the heart losing it __ action	Ventricles pumping
nursing car of catheter ablation is to hold cardiac meds the catheter is inserted via __ or __ meds use are Complication are __% and are	pumping 0 yourself on Saturday, February 04, 2012 edit card view revision history Unasked nursing car of catheter ablation is to hold cardiac meds the catheter is inserted via __ or __ meds use are Complication are __% and are femoral / jugular line heparin 3% death bleeding cardiac tamponade, hematoma, strok, embolism, phneumothorax
catheter ablation is a treatment for in this high frequency electrical current delivers energy to areas of theart muscle that cause __ ___ ___	cardiac Arrhythmias abnormal heart rhythms
internal temporary pacemaker the wire is inserted into the ___ or ___	right atrium or right ventricle
medication used by advancedlife support als for treatment of scd are 1 2 3	amiodarone atropine lidocaine
sudden cardiac death scd usual cause is	ventricula fibrillation
sudden cardiac death scd unepected death occurring within __ hour of the onset of cardiovascular symptoms	1 hour
Nursing care of pt have pcr percutaneious coronary angioplasty 1 taste in mouth is 2 feeling on chest of 3maintaing iv of 4 admin of meds of 5bed rest for 6head of bed ___ degrees 7___ __ on sit of entry usually femoral artery 8prevent __ on affeted site 9 monitor for bleeding and apply 10 monitor ___ pulses	1 metallic 2 chest pressure 3 NTG infusion 4 anticoagulants 5 6 hours 6 30 degrees 7 sand bag 8 prevent flexion 9 pressure dressing 10 distal pulses
nurisng diagnosis for pt having cabg	decreased cardiac output hypothermia, acute pain ineffective airway clearance imparied gas exchange risk for infection
nursing care for pt with cabg	vs ecg incision care chest tube care fluid management pain mangement respiratory support, oxygen lab values cardiac recovery unit
large needle inserted to dran fluid from pericadial sac	pericardiocentesis is
treatment for cardiac tamponade is	pericardiocentesis
nursing diagnosis for cardiac tamponade	imparied gas exchange decreased cardiac output anxiety ineffective breathing pattern
causes of cardiac tamponade	pericarditis, pericardial effusion , trauma, cardiac rupture, hermorraghage
hall marks of cardiac tamponade is	paradoxical pulse, or pulsus paradoxus paradoxical pulse markedly decreases in amplitude during inspiration a drop in systolic blood pressure of more than 10mmhg during inspiration
manifestations of this results from rising intracaridac pressures, decreased diastolic filling and decreased cardiac output. muffled heart sounds dyspenaea tachypenea, tachycardia, narrowed pulse pressure and distended neck vein	cardiac tamponade
non cardiac reasons pulmoonary edema are	ards sepsis and drug overdose
cardiac reasons for pulmonary edema are	mi, chf and valvular disease
what drug is effective for pt with cardiogeic pulmoneary and what is kept on hand for anti dote drugs used for rapid diureses are to decrease bronchospsm and decrese wheezing what is used to improve cardiac output by reducing afterload what is used	feer 0 yourself on Saturday, February 04, 2012 edit card view revision history Unasked what drug is effective for pt with cardiogeic pulmoneary and what is kept on hand for anti dote drugs used for rapid diureses are to decrease bronchospsm and decrese wheezing what is used to improve cardiac output by reducing afterload what is used morphine naloxone is antidote furosemide and is also a venous dilator, ethacrynic acid or bumetanide decrease wheezineg aminophylline cardiac afterload reduced by dopamine dobutamine and digoxin
pt with pulmonary edema is positioned	sitting upright with legs dangling to reduce venous return by rpping excess fluid
immediate treatment for acute pulmonary edema focused on restoring	gas exchange and reducing fluid and pressure
neurologic signs of pulmonary edema	restlessness, anxiety, feeling of impending doom
cardiovasuclar signs of pulmonary edema	tachycardia, hypotension, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, hypoxemia, ventricular gallop
respiratory signs fo pulmonary edma are	tachypena, labored resp. dyspena, orthopena, paroxysmal noctunal dyspena, cough productive and frothy pink sputum, crackles and wheezes
Colloids solutions are 1 2 3 4 colloids solutions are used for 1 2	5% albumin 2. Hetastarch 3. plasma protein fraction 4. dextran 1. reduction in platelet adhesiveness 2 reduction in blood coagulation
Crystalloid solutions Isotonic is 1 2 3 Hypotonic solutions are 1 2	1 0.9% NS 2 Ringer lactate 3 ringers solution 1. .045% NS 5% dextrose in water D5W
in cardiogenic shock treatment fluid replacement is needed with 1 to increase fluid volume intravascular + ingterstitial space 2 for vascular increase fluids moves from interstitial to vascular system 3 to expand volume and oxygen	1 crystalloid solutions 2 colloid solutions 3 blood and blood products
abnormal accumlation of fluid in intersitital tissue and alveoli of lungs is	pulmonary edema
device used as a bridge to heart transplant	Ventricula assist device VAD
pt with VAD are at considerable risk for	Infection **strict anticeptic tecnique with all invase catheters Pneumonia is also a risk
treatments after Mi care in ICU for __ - ___hr bed rest fir first O2 admin rate of diet is not allowed or limited foods and drinks are	24 - 48 hr 12 hr 2 5 l low fat, low cholesterol and reduced sodium **sodium restrictin lifted after 2 - 3 day if no chf caffeine, very hot or cold foods limited
treatment of antidysrhythmics are 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10	sodium channel blockers, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, potassium channel blockers, anticoagulants, ace inhibitors, antilipemic agents, stool softners and ABX
Post infusion care of Fibrinolytic therapy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9	vs ecg and labs, bed rest 6 hrs, head of bed below 15 degreees, avoid injection for 24 hours, assess puncture site for bleeding, I & O admin anticoagulants, report any ecg changes
during infusion of fibrinolytic therapy ass vs signs and signs of bleeding when	q 15 min first hour then q 30 min next 2 hours
while using fibrinoltyic therapy pt should be positioned? 2 extremity immobilization helps prevent 3 what type of drugs should be on hand 4. what type of dysrhythmias commonly occure with reperfusion of the ischemic myocardiou	1extremely still and straigth do not elevate bed above 15 degrees try to keep head of the bed flat , infusion 2 site trauma and bleeding. 3 antidysrhythmic drugs 4. ventricular dyshythmias
the use of fibrinolytic agents (e.g., prourokinase) to lyse thrombi in patients with acute peripheral arterial occlusion, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or acute myocardial infarction	fibrinolytic therapy
while using fibrinoltyic therapy pt should be positioned? 2 extremity immobilization helps prevent 3 what type of drugs should be on hand 4. what type of dysrhythmias commonly occure with reperfusion of the ischemic myocardiou	1extremely still and straigth do not elevate bed above 15 degrees try to keep head of the bed flat , infusion 2 site trauma and bleeding. 3 antidysrhythmic drugs 4. ventricular dyshythmias
who is NOT a canidate for fibrinolytic therapy	pt with known bleeding problems, history of cerebrovascular disease, uncontrolled hypertensino, pregnancy or recent trauma or surgery of head or spin
drugs used in Fibrinolytic therapy are 1. least expensive 2. _____ ____ is related drug that is admin by bolus over 2 to 5 min 3. more expensive but more effect in restablishing myocardial perfusing especially when the pain deveklops is	1 Streptokinase 2. Anisoylated Plasminogen Streptokinase Activator Complex APSAC 3. Tissue plaminogen activator T-PA, Tenecteplase TNK and reteplase rOA
When is fribrinolytic admin with in Why is it admin	first 6 hr limits infarct size, reduces heart damage and improves outcoume
used in Mi to disolve or break up blood clots is ?	Fibrinolytic therapy
risk of nitro are	reflex tachycardia or hypotension
Morphine sulfate is given initially ___ -__ IV Push and small does of __ -__ mg every 5 minutes drug used for antianxiety is	iv push is 4 - 8 mg small dose is 2 - 4 mg every five minutes valium (diazepam)
nitorglycern can be given how and dose In addition to pain relief nitro ___ mycardial OXYGEN demand at the same time __ supply O2 Nitro is a peripheral and arterial vasodilator and reduces It dilates the coronary arteries and collateral channels in the heart and ___ blood flow Important to ask patient about Viagra aka ___ use 24 hours prior because the combination of the two ____ blood pressure	ever 5 min up to 3 doses and does is 0.4 mg or iv for first 24 to 48 hours Decreased demand while Increase supply reduces Afterload Increases blood flow other name for viagra is Sildenafil drops blood presure significantly
In MI WBC will ___ due to ___ ESR with ___ due to	elevate reaction of necrosis rise due to inflamation
one of the first cardiac markers to be detectable in blood aft MI. It is released with in a few hours of symptoms onset. Its lack of specificity to cardiac muscle and rapid excreation blood levels return to normal with in 24 hours limits it use.	myoglobin
Cardiac specific Troponin T amt is < and duration is ? Troponin I is < and duration is both markers apear in _ - _	<.02mcg/l 10 -14 days <3.1mcg/L 7 days 2 - 4 hours
a protein released during cardiac muscle infarction. sensitive indicators for mYOCARDIAL DAMAGE, NORMALLY NOT DETETABLE PART OF MUSCLE CELL APPREAS IN 2 -4 HOURS DURATION OF CtNL IS 7 DAYS CtNt 10 - 14 DAYS	TROPONIN
CK_MB for positive mi the levels must be higher than ___% appears in _-_hr for the duration of _ hours	5% 4-8 hrs 72hrs
ck creatine kanase after mi the serum levels __, shows in serum _ to _ house after damage peaks at _ -__ hours and delcines over ___ hours	rise 4 - 6 12 -24 48
enzyme, skeletal, brain, and heart muscll, levels Rise with damage, in the serum 4 -6 hours after. Peaks at 12 -24 hours Mi decline over 48 hrs and correlates with size of infracted tissue. the grater the amt of infarcted tissue the higher the cerum	Ck CREATIN kINASE
the most common dysrhythmia assoced with sudencardiac dealth is	V fib
Thyrooidectomy PreOp	admin Antithyroid drugs to prevent Storm amd Lugols Iodine or potassium iodine solutions to reduce vascularity and prevent hemorrhage
Post Op thyroidectomy and what do you keep in room	VS I & O observe dressing behind neck Observe resp secondary to hemmorrage. Keep trach kit in room. watch for signs of Tetny (muscles contraction) due to Hypocalcaemia. Keep calcium Gluconate on hand. check for extreme horness 30 and 60 minutes observe for thyroid storm, cool mist used
Post op thyroidectomy what can happen to calcium and why and what to use	Parathyroid can be accidently removed or injured. This causes hypocalcaemia Keep calcium gluconate on hand
What signs are the signs of hypOParathyrodism	Low calcium check for Chvastek sign amd trousseau sign
chvastek for hypocalcium is Trousseau sign is	tap on cheek and get lip or nose twitch use blood pressure cuff and hand and arm spasm
Hypoparathyroidsm interventions are	Admin Calcium Gluconate by I V drip Oscal, Vitamin D, Alubumin to decrease phosphate
diet for hypoparathyroidism	High Calcium and low Phosphorus diet
Ace inhibitors end in	Pril
The mnemonic for ace inhibitors is	swertes
mneumonic for ace inhibiter is SWERTES what does it stand for	S suppress menin angiotenisis aldosterone system W warn Pt with renal or thyroid E Ends in Pril such as capitprl (vasotec) R rise slowly orthostatic Hypo T Treatment of HTN E Evaluate blood pressure S side effects Cough
Beta blockers mnemonic is	BBBB
Beta blocker BBBB stands for and beta blockers end in	end in lol B Bradycardia don't give hr <60 B Blood pressure is lower by Beta Blockers B Bronchial constrictors *****Blood sugars are mask when they are low can give false reading
Calcium Channel blockers mnemonic is	BILL
Examples of Calcium Channel blocker drugs are	Amlodipine (Norvasc) Diltiazen Cardian, Nifedipine (proardia)
the mnemonic for Calcium channel blocker is BILL what does it stand for	B Block calcium to cells I Indication for HTN L Let pt take with milk or food L Light and moisture protect from
Different kinds of diuretics are	Loop Lasix Thiazides Chlorthizid Diuril Aldactone Potassium sparing Osmotic Manitol
Mnemonic for Diuretics is Diuretics and stands for	D Diet increase potassium all except for aldactone I get I & O daily U undesirable effects is fluid deficit and electrolytes imbalance R review HR, bp and Electrolytes E Elderly be careful T tak Am with or after meals I increase risk of orthostatic hypotension C Cancel alcohol and cigarettes
normal values of a pt therapeutic value of inr	12 -16 2-3 is therapeutic
Antidote for coumadin	vit k
antidote for heparin Sodium	protamine sulfate
Theraputic range of heparin PTT	PTT 70-100 seconds
Clopidogrel (Plavix) also for blood prevents platelets from clumping what is the mnemonic	BLEED
mneumonic for Plavix is BLEED what does it stand for	B Blooding Bronchospasm undesirable effect L Lowers risk of Atherosclerotic event E evaluate Bruising E Evaluate Liver Function D do take with food or after meals
What is a HMG CoA inhibitor	it is a statin and lowers cholesterol
mneumonic for HMG CoA inhibitor is	STATTIN
STATTIN in HMG mnemonic stands for	S Statin is in the ending T Take with food before Bedtime A always sonsume 2 - 3 Liters of fluid daily T Teach Pt to Exercise and weight reduction T treats Hypercholesterolemic I increase fiber in diets N never give to Pt with Liver disease
what do all HMG coA inhibitor end in and what do they do	they end in STATIN and lower cholesterol
Antihistamines end in	INE
Antihistamines Mneumonic is	ATECLES
Antihistamines Mneumonic is ATECLES stands for	A acts by blocking histamine release HI receptors T take with food E educate PT no driving if drowsey C commonly given for upper respiratory infection, allergic and anaphylact L let pt eat candy or sugarfree gum if dry mouth E eliminate alcohol
Antibiotic mneumonic is	MEDICATION
Antibiotic mneumonic is MEDICATION AND STANDS FOR	M Monitor super infection E Evaluate renal and liver D diarrhea take with yogurt I inform provider of other meds C culture prior to first dose A alcohol out and ask about Allergies T take full dose E evaluate cultures, wbc , temp and blood work
Aminoglycosides is used for	serious infections caused by gram negative infection
example of drugs in the Aminoglycosides catorgory are	Amikacin (Amikin) Gentamicin ( garamycin) Neomycin (Neobiotic) Myciffradin) streptomycin
is gram negative or gram positive more resistant against antibiotics	gram negative
Cephalosporins are four generations 1st generation often used in pt allergic to penicillin for and example would be 2nd generation treats and example is 3rd treats and is 4th	gram POSITIVE example cefazolin Ancef gram Negative Cefuroxime Zincef Gram negative Ceftazidine Fortaz and ceftrizone and rocephin Gram positive and gram negative is cefpime maxipime
examples of gram negative are	Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE) Multidrug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gonorrhea), e coli, and some respiratory infections
mneumonic for allopurinol (zyloprim) is	Gout
mneumonic for allopurinol (zyloprim) is GOUT and stands for	G gulp 10 to 12 glass of water daily; gi distress O output and input monitor U uric acid decreases no alcohol T take with meals
Colchinicine mneumonic is	ACUTE
Colchicine ACUTE stands for	A alcohol is out C cuts down B12 U undersirable effecs Oliguria, anemia, diarrhea T take with food E eradicates gout
Phenytonin (Dilantin) mneumonic	GUMSUM
Phenytonin (Dilantin) mnemonic GUMSUM stands for	G Gingival Hyperplasia U Use alternate birth control M Mouth care S soft tooth brush U unsteady M monitor Salt
What is Phenytoin Dilantin contraindicated for	Because of its effect on ventricular automaticity, phenytoin is contraindicated in sinus bradycardia, sino-atrial block, second and third degree A-V block, and patients with Adams-Stokes syndrome.
What should your blood levels be when taking dilantin	The clinically effective level of Dilantin in the body is between 10 and 20 micrograms per milliliter, or mcg/ml.
mneumonic for Lithium and what are the levels	LITHI and levels are 0.6- 1.2
Lithium mneumonic is LITHI and stands for	L Levels 0.6 - 1.2 I Increased Urination T Thirst increased H Headache and Tremors I increase fluids
if one of the drugs Ethambulol is prescribed what else should you take	Pyridoxine B 6
side effect of streptomycen	ringing in ears
another name for the drug zidovidine is	AZT
zidovidinie can cause anemia leading to ____	Zidovidine is AZT and anemia can lead to transfusion
aspirin over dose symptoms are	Hyperventilation and hyperpyrexia
what is treatment for aspirin overdose	gastric lavage
Lasix inhibits reabsorption of ___ and ___	sodium and chloride
Cytomel (liothyronine sodium) is to treat a pt for	Hypothyroid
cytomel ( liothyronine sodium) for hypothyroid put person at risk for	angina
What is Amphojel (aluminum hydroxide)?	Aluminum hydroxide is an antacid. Aluminum hydroxide is used to treat symptoms of increased stomach acid, such as heartburn, upset stomach, sour stomach, or acid indigestion. Aluminum hydroxide is also used to reduce phosphate levels in people with certain kidney conditions and burns
Why is Amphojel used in burn pt.	to prevent curling ulcers (Curling’s ulcer is an ulcer that is caused by the stresses on the body after experiencing severe burns)
For a duodenal ulcer what is prescribed and how to take it	Tagament with meals and at bed times
acute attack of gout take	colchicine
Cyclospine and prednisone for kidney transplant the skin can react how	acne
What is Immune Serum Globulin	This medication is used to provide protection (antibodies) against certain virus infections (hepatitis A, measles, chickenpox, rubella) in people who have not been vaccinated or have not had the infection before. It is also used to strengthen the body's natural defense system (immune system) to lower the risk of infection in persons with a certain immune system problem (immunoglobulin deficiency).

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