Flashcards
Cells and Simple Cells Transport
Cards in this deck (19)
- 1All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their function.The two main types of cell are plant and animal cells
- 2Animal cells and plant cells have features in common, such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. Plant and algal cells also have a cell wall, and often have chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole. Bacterial and yeast cells have different structures to animal and plant cells.Dissolved substances pass into and out of cells by diffusion.
- 3NucleusContains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
- 4CytoplasmMost chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes
- 5Cell membraneControls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
- 6MitochondriaMost energy is released by respiration here
- 7RibosomesProtein synthesis happens here
- 8Plant Cells Cell wallStrengthens the cell
- 9ChloroplastsContain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
- 10Permanent vacuoleFilled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid
- 11—
- 12Bacterial cellsA bacterium is a single-celled organism. A bacterial cell has a different structure to an animal or plant cell. It has cytoplasm, a membrane and a surrounding cell wall, but the genetic material in a bacterial cell is not in a distinct nucleus.
- 13YeastYeast is a single-celled organism. Like bacterial cells, yeast cells have cytoplasm and a membrane surrounded by a cell wall. But unlike bacterial cells, yeast cells have a nucleus.
- 14Specialised cellsCells may be specialised for a particular function. Their structure will allow them to carry this function out.
- 15Leaf Cell Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. Packed with chloroplasts. Regular shaped, closely packed cells form a continuous layer for efficient absorption of sunlight.
- 16Root hair cell Absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil. Long 'finger-like' process with very thin wall, which gives a large surface area.
- 17Sperm cell Fertilises an egg cell - female gamete. The head contains genetic information and an enzyme to help penetrate the egg cell membrane. The middle section is packed with mitochondria for energy. The tail moves the sperm to the egg.
- 18Red blood cells Contains haemoglobin to carry oxygen to the cells.Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin.
- 19Diffusion Dissolved substances have to pass through the cell membrane to get into or out of a cell. Diffusion is one of the processes that allows this to happen.Diffusion occurs when particles spread. They move from a region where they are in high concentration to a region where they are in low concentration. Diffusion happens when the particles are free to move.
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- Flash cards containg all the information you need to know about cells and cell transport. Suitable for additional science.
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- rosiecarruthers
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