Flashcards

Biochem Amino Acids

paige redmond English 24 cards

Aspartate (asp, D) negatively charged at pH=7 aspartic acid when not ionized has 2 carboxylic groups

Cards in this deck (24)

1Charged R-groupamino acids ionizable side chain
(asp, glu, lys, arg, his)
2Hydrophilic R-groupamino acids with side chain polar, not ionized
(ser,thr,cys,gln)
3Hydrophobic R-groupamino acid without side chain polar groups
(gly, ala, pro, val, leu, ile, met)
4Aromatic R-groupamino acid with large cyclic ring side chains
(phe, tyr, trp)
5—Aspartate
(asp, D)
negatively charged at pH=7
aspartic acid when not ionized
has 2 carboxylic groups
6—Glutamate
(glu,E)
negatively charged at pH=7
neurotransmitter
glutamic acid when hydrogen bond to R-group
7—Lysine
(lys,K)
positively charged at pH=7
side chain of 4 aliphatice carbins, with terminal amino group
8—Arginine
(arg, R)
positively charged at pH=7
side chain 3 aliphatic carbons with terminal guanidino group
double bonded NH2+ bonded to central carbon is guanidino group
9—Histidine
(his, H)
positively charged or neutral at pH=7
imidazole group can gain or lose hydrogen ion to become + or neutral
enzymes use histadine at active sited b/c it can become deprotonated or protonated
10—Cysteine
(cys, C)
sulfhydryl group can for disulfide bonds
disulfide bonds within protein or btw protein is important for stabilizing protein structure
11—Threonine
(thr, T)
hydroxyl group can hydrogen bond and be phosphorylated
contains both methyl and hydroxyl group
12—Serine
(ser,S)
hydrogen bond donor, phosphorylated
enzymes within cell can add or remove phosphate groups to control protein function
13—Asparagine
(asn, N)
high degree of hydrophilic
amine group and carbonyl group that can hydrogen bond
14—Glutamine
(gln,Q)
amino group and carbonyl group that can hydrogen bond
important for nitrogen transport through body
15—Isoleucine
(lle,I)
Methyl group attached to one branch
16—Leucine
(leu, L)
most abundant amino acid
4 carbons as side chain
17—Glycine
(gly, G)
smallest by mass
no chiral alpha carbon- achiral
18—Methionine
(met, M)
sulfur atom cannot hydrogen bond and cannot for disulfide bridges
first amino acid for all proteins during synthesis
19—Phenylalanine
(phe, F)
plays role in neurotransmitting and pigment synthesis
hydrophobic
20—Alanine
(ala, A)
side chain methyl group
most common amino acid found in proteins
21—Proline
(pro, P)
form pyrrolidine ring
ring causes kink/bend at proline residues
side chain carbon swings around tho bond with amino nitrogen
22—Valine
(val, V)
V-shapped carbons
important in protein synthesis in muscle cells, consumed by athletes as nutritional supplement
23—Tyrosine
(tyr,Y)
hydroxyl group allows hydrogen bonds
found at transition from hydrophobic to hydrophilic
24—Tryptophan
(trp, W)
has indole side chain
largest amino acid by mass
indole group nitrogen can hydrogen bond