Flashcards
B&K ch 4 (logic: probability and inductive reasoning)
Cards in this deck (8)
- 1inductively forcefulwhen the truth of the premises would not ENSURE the truth of the conclusion, but they provide good reason to EXPECT the conclusion to be true rather than false
- 2can you say that an argument is more inductively forceful than another?yes. arguments can range from being deductively valid to a complete lack of inductive force.
- 3inductively sound (aka cogency)when the argument is inductively forceful and the premises are actually true
- 4deductive inferencefrom general to specific
- 5inductive inferenceto conclude, on the basis that a certain proportion of a sample of a population possesses a certain feature, that the same proportion of the whole population possesses that feature.
generalising the conclusion, in hopes that the sample is representative of the population. from specific to general. - 6extrapolationto guess or to think about what might happen using information that's already known
- 7can an inductive argument be converted into a deductive one?yes, simply by making explicit the basis for the inductive principle in a connecting premise.
example:
P1) all of the observed sample of jackdaws are monogamous.
(P2) if all of the observed sample of jackdaws are monogamous, then all jackdaws are monogamous)
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C) all jackdaws are monogamous. - 8if you have to choose, is it better to sacrifice validity or soundness?validity. soundness is more useful in practice.
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- SSR Flashcards on B&K ch 4 (logic: probability and inductive reasoning), created by Sabine - on 20/09/2020.
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- Sabine -
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