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Krist Cambre English 99 cards

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Cards in this deck (99)

  1. 1hagfishMyxinidae
    a. lacks jaws
    b. mouth not disk-like, barbels present
    c. fins present as continuous fin-fold
    d. semicircular canal fused so that it appears as one.
    e. branchial skeleton not well developed
    f. eyes degenerate    hagfish
  2. 2lampreyPetromyzontidaelamprey
  3. 3skateRajidae
    a. tail slender, often short
    b. two small dorsal fins
    c. pectoral fins widely expanded; often with a thin, shelflike plate in front of snout
    d. caudal fin reduced or absent
    e. may be a row of prickles along back    skate
  4. 4whiptail stingrayDasyatidae
    a. tail slender
    b. venomous spine usually present
    c. no rayed dorsal or caudal fins    whiptail stingray
  5. 5chimaeraChimaeridae
    a. one external gill opening, covered by soft operculum
    b. teeth fused into plates
    c. large pectoral fins with fleshy base
    d. elongate "rodent-like" tail
    e. snout short and rounded    chimaera
  6. 66. houndsharksTriakadae
    a. Spiracles present
    b. Anterior nasal flaps not slender or barbell like
    c. Labial furrows moderately long    6. houndsharks
  7. 77. dogfish sharksSqualidae
    a. five gill openings
    b. spines before each dorsal fin
    c. anal fin absent    7. dogfish sharks
  8. 88. Hammerhead sharksSphyrnidae
    a. five gill openings
    b. upper caudal lobe longer than lower
    c. no oral-nasal grooves
    d. teeth usually blade-like with one cusp
    e. caudal with well-marked subterminal notch
    f. spiracle absent    8. Hammerhead sharks
  9. 99. HerringsClupeidae
    (i) connection between swimbladder and ear
    (ii) mouth terminal
    (iii) maxillary not reaching posterior to eye
    (iv) belly usually keeled    9. Herrings
  10. 1010. GarsLepisosteidae
    (a) branchiostegals present, no gular plate
    (b) mouth terminal and prolonged into long "beak" with needle-like teeth
    (c) ganoid scales
    (d) head covered with bony plates    10. Gars
  11. 1111. CharacinsCharacidae
    (i) adipose usually present, but absent in some taxa    11. Characins
  12. 1212. moray eelsMuraenidae
    (i) leptocephalous larval stage without caudal fin
    (ii) scales absent
    (iii) lower jaw not protruding beyond upper
    (iv) strong jaws with fang-like teeth
    (v) posterior nostril dorsal to anterior orbital margin    12. moray eels
  13. 1313. snake and worm eelsOphichthidae
    (i) leptocephalous larval stage without caudal fin
    (ii) pectoral fins present
    (iii) opening of posterior nostril pierces upper lip
    (iv) tail stiffened    13. snake and worm eels
  14. 1414. scuplinsColtidae
    (i) head lacks spines
    (ii) anal fin lacks spines
    (iii) opercle usually unarmed, or with single spine
    (iv) body scaleless or only partially scaled    14. scuplins
  15. 1515. paddlefishPolyodontidae
    (a) rostrum produced into wide paddle, about 1/3 the length of the fish
    (b) body lacks bony plates    15. paddlefish
  16. 1616. lizard fishSynodontidae
    (i) adipose fin present
    (ii) photophores absent
    (iii) mouth large and terminal
    (iv) no spines on operculum    16. lizard fish
  17. 1717. electric catfishMalapturidae
    (i) Electric organ derived from anterior musculature
    (ii) Dorsal fin absent
    (iii) Rounded caudal fin
    (iv) Three pairs of barbells
    (v) Fairly large adipose fin    17. electric catfish
  18. 1818. batfishOgcocephalidae
    (i) Electric organ derived from anterior musculature
    (ii) Dorsal fin absent
    (iii) Rounded caudal fin
    (iv) Three pairs of barbells
    (v) Fairly large adipose fin    18. batfish
  19. 1919. algae eatersGyrinocheilidae
    (i) No barbels
    (ii) Inhalant aperature entering into gill chamber above exhalent aperature
    (iii) 140 gill rakers
    (iv) 39-43 lateral line scales    19. algae eaters
  20. 2020. lantern fishMyctophidae
    (i) adipose fin present
    (ii) photophores present
    (iii) origin of anal fin under or behind dorsal fin base
    (iv) mouth usually large and terminal
    (v) operculum spiny    20. lantern fish
  21. 2121. flying fishExocoetidae
    (i) jaws relatively short and equal
    (ii) pectoral fins greatly enlarged
    (iii) pelvic fins enlarged
    (iv) lower lobe of caudal fin longer than upper    21. flying fish
  22. 2222. GunnelsPholidae
    (i) Dorsal fin with 75-100 spines, twice as long as anal fin
    (ii) Pectoral fins small    22. Gunnels
  23. 2323. toad fishBatrachoididae
    (i) pelvic fins jugular
    (ii) body lacking scales or with small cycloid scales
    (iii) head broad, flattened, mouth wide
    (iv) dorsal fin long, anterior portion with 2-3 spines
    (v) pectoral fins broad    23. toad fish
  24. 2424. frog fishAntennariidae
    (i) body compressed
    (ii) gill openings below base of pectoral fin
    (iii) illicium with esca present
    (iv) pectoral fins armlike; pelvic fins jugular
    (v) 2-3 spines on head
  25. 2525. ten pounders/lady fishElopidae
    (a) leptocephalous larval stage with caudal fin
    (b) median gular plate
    (c) grooves present into which dorsal and anal fins can be depressed
    (d) axillary scales above pectoral and pelvic fins
    (e) small cycloid scales    25. ten pounders/lady fish
  26. 2626. needlefishBelonidae
    (i) upper and lower jaws elongate (except in larvae & early juveniles) & with numerous needle-like teeth
    (ii) pectoral fin short
    (iii) pelvic fins abdominal    26. needlefish
  27. 2727. minnows or carpsCyprinidae
    (i) mouth bordered only by premaxillaries
    (ii) pharyngeal teeth arranged in 1,2, or 3 rows
    (iii) no more than 9 pharyngeal teeth in single row
    (b) Family Psilorhynchidae-mountain carps    27. minnows or carps
  28. 2828. tilefishesMalacanthidae
    (i) Dorsal fin long and continuous
    (ii) Single opercular spine
    (iii) Caudal fin truncate or forked    28. tilefishes
  29. 2929. Jacks and pompanosCarangidae
    (i) anal fin has two free spines, detached from remainder of fin
    (ii) caudal fin widely forked or lunate
    (iii) scales small or absent; those along posterior portion of lateral line often developed into bony scutes
    (iv) preopercle smooth    29. Jacks and pompanos
  30. 30SnappersLutjanidae
    (i) dorsal fins continuous with shallow notch
    (ii) enlarged canine teeth on jaws
    (iii) maxillary slips under preorbital bone when mouth closed    Snappers
  31. 31—Rachycentridae
    (i) dorsal fin preceded by row of short, separated spiones
    (ii) body cylindrical, elongate
    (iii) head depressed    Rachycentridae (i) dorsal fin preceded by row of short, separated spiones (ii) body cylindrical, elongate (iii) head depressed
  32. 3232. remorasEcheneidae
    (i) dorsal fin modified into sucking disk
    (ii) head depressed, lower jaw projects beyond upper    32. remoras
  33. 3333. tripletailsLobotidae
    (i) dorsal and anal fin with rounded lobes, projecting posteriorly about equal to caudal fin
    (ii) body laterally compressed
    (iii) spinous & soft dorsal continuous (qq) Family Gerreidae-mojarras**
    (i) mouth highly protrusile
    (ii) dorsal fins continuous
    (iii) caudal fin deeply forked    33. tripletails
  34. 3434. butterfishStromateidae
    (i) Deep body
    (ii) Continuous dorsal fin
    (iii) Forked tail
    (iv) 2-6 anal rays    34. butterfish
  35. 3535. scorpionfishScorpaenidae
    (i) head usually armed with spines and ridges
    (ii) two spines on opercle
    (iii) preopercle with 5 spines or points
    (iv) anal fin with 1-4 pungent spines
    (v) gill membranes not joined to isthmus    35. scorpionfish
  36. 3636. sea bassesSerranidae
    (i) maxillary exposed with mouth closed
    (ii) supramaxillary present
    (iii) pseudobranch well developed
    (iv) mouth typically large with canine teeth
    (v) dorsal fins usually connected or with a deep notch, rarely separate
    (vi) preopercle serrated
    (vii) lateral line complete and continuous
    (viii) caudal fin rounded, truncate, or lunate; rarely forked    36. sea basses
  37. 3737. sticklebacksGasterosteidae
    (i) 3-9 dorsal spines
    (ii) lateral bony plates generally present in most populations
    (iii) pelvic fins reduced to single stout spine with 1-2 soft rays    37. sticklebacks
  38. 3838. gruntsHaemulidae38. grunts
  39. 3939. pikesEsocidae
    (i) snout elongate
    (ii) caudal fin forked
    (iii) mouth large, teeth of lower jaw strong & erect    39. pikes
  40. 4040. frogfishAntennariidae
    (i) body compressed
    (ii) gill openings below base of pectoral fin
    (iii) illicium with esca present
    (iv) pectoral fins armlike; pelvic fins jugular
    (v) 2-3 spines on head    40. frogfish
  41. 4141. marine hatchetfishSternoptychidae
    (i) body deep and extremely compressed
    (ii) mouth nearly vertical
    (iii) abdominal keel-like structure
    (iv) tubular eyes
    (v) photophores present    41. marine hatchetfish
  42. 4242. pirate perchAphredoderidae
    (i) ctenoid scales; sides of head with scales
    (ii) anus on throat in adults
    (iii) dorsal fin with 3-4 spines    42. pirate perch
  43. 4343. new world silversidesAtherinopsidae
    (i) spinous dorsal present with 3-9 spines
    (ii) anal fin usually preceded by a spine
    (iii) body with prominent silvery lateral band (black in preserved specimens) (iv) premaxillaries very protractile    43. new world silversides
  44. 4444. halfbeaksHemiramphidae
    (i) lower jaw prolonged into beak; upper jaw short
    (ii) pectoral and pelvic fins short
    (iii) third pair of pharyngeal bones fused and enlarged    44. halfbeaks
  45. 45—Exocoetidae
    (i) jaws relatively short and equal
    (ii) pectoral fins greatly enlarged
    (iii) pelvic fins enlarged
    (iv) lower lobe of caudal fin longer than upper    Exocoetidae (i) jaws relatively short and equal (ii) pectoral fins greatly enlarged (iii) pelvic fins enlarged (iv) lower lobe of caudal ...
  46. 46—idkidk
  47. 4747. perchesPercidae
    (i) two dorsal fins, usually well separated
    (ii) opercles end in a flat spine
    (iii) pseudobranch small, glandular or concealed
    (iv) small, ctenoid scales    47. perches
  48. 4848. surgeonfishAcanthuridae
    (i) Three anal spines
    (ii) Sharp moveable spine on caudal peduncle    48. surgeonfish
  49. 49—Gerreidae
    (i) mouth highly protrusile
    (ii) dorsal fins continuous
    (iii) caudal fin deeply forked    Gerreidae (i) mouth highly protrusile (ii) dorsal fins continuous (iii) caudal fin deeply forked
  50. 50—Cichlidae
    (i) dorsal fins continuous
    (ii) single nostril on each side of head
    (iii) lateral line interrupted    Cichlidae (i) dorsal fins continuous (ii) single nostril on each side of head (iii) lateral line interrupted
  51. 51—dartersdarters
  52. 52—Gobiesocidae
    (i) abdominal adhesive disk
    (ii) no spinous dorsal fin
    (iii) outer pelvic ray flattened and spatulate    Gobiesocidae (i) abdominal adhesive disk (ii) no spinous dorsal fin (iii) outer pelvic ray flattened and spatulate
  53. 53—Holocentridae
    (i) 19 principal rays in caudal fin
    (ii) pelvic fins thoracic; I,7
    (iii) pectorals with vertical insertion and on midline of body
    (iv) dorsal fin with 10-13 strong spines    Holocentridae (i) 19 principal rays in caudal fin (ii) pelvic fins thoracic; I,7 (iii) pectorals with vertical insertion and on midline o...
  54. 54—Paralichthyidae
    (i) eyes on left side of head
    (ii) pelvic fin without spine
    (iii) pelvic bases short and nearly symmetrical
    (iv) lower jaw prominent    Paralichthyidae (i) eyes on left side of head (ii) pelvic fin without spine (iii) pelvic bases short and nearly symmetrical (iv) lower ja...
  55. 55—Tetraodontidae
    (i) scales lacking or represented by small prickles
    (ii) two teeth in each jaw
    spines not always present    Tetraodontidae (i) scales lacking or represented by small prickles (ii) two teeth in each jaw spines not always present
  56. 56—Eleotridae
    (i) pelvic fins separated
    (ii) dorsal fins separate
    (iii) six branchiostegal rays    Eleotridae (i) pelvic fins separated (ii) dorsal fins separate (iii) six branchiostegal rays
  57. 57—Labridae
    (i) dorsal fins continuous
    (ii) mouth protractile, teeth separate & projecting outward
    (iii) scales cycloid & generally large    Labridae (i) dorsal fins continuous (ii) mouth protractile, teeth separate & projecting outward (iii) scales cycloid & generally ...
  58. 58—Sphyraenidae
    (i) first dorsal fin with five stiff spines
    (ii) upper edge of pectoral base below a horizontal line through mid-point of pupil
    (iii) mouth large with large lancelet-shaped teeth    Sphyraenidae (i) first dorsal fin with five stiff spines (ii) upper edge of pectoral base below a horizontal line through mid-point of pu...
  59. 59—Macrouridae
    (i) Second dorsal and anal fins continuous with tail
    (ii) Tail tapers to a point
    (iii) Chin barbells usually present
    (iv) Light organ in some species    Macrouridae (i) Second dorsal and anal fins continuous with tail (ii) Tail tapers to a point (iii) Chin barbells usually present (iv) Lig...
  60. 60—Triglidae
    searobins    Triglidae searobins
  61. 61rainbow fishMelanotaeniidae
    (i) Body compressed
    (ii) Dorsal fins narrowly separated
    (iii) Large scales – 28-60 in lateral count
    (iv) Innermost pelvic ray attached to abdomen by membrane    rainbow fish
  62. 62flying gurnardsDactylopteridae
    (i) head bony, with large posteriorly directed spines
    (ii) pectoral fins greatly elongated
    (iii) pelvic fins thoracic    flying gurnards
  63. 63NA Freshwater catfishIctaluridae
    (i) eight barbels total- four barbels on lower jaw + 2 nasal barbels & 2 maxillary barbels (ii) adipose fin present
    (iii) teeth villiform
    (iv) pelvic fin with 8-9 rays    NA Freshwater catfish
  64. 64sea catfishAriidae
    (i) 4-6 barbels total; usually three pairs
    (ii) adipose fin present
    (iii) caudal fin forked
    (iv) nostrils close together and without barbel
    (v) teeth villiform    sea catfish
  65. 65—Diceratiidae
    (i) body globular, skin loose
    (ii) skin spines present
    (iii) second cephalic ray exposed
    (iv) long illicium with esca    Diceratiidae (i) body globular, skin loose (ii) skin spines present (iii) second cephalic ray exposed (iv) long illicium with esca
  66. 66mooneyesHiodontidae
    (a) primary bite between parasphenoid and tongue
    (b) teeth on parasphenoid and tongue
    (c) adipose eyelid
    (d) axillary scale above pelvic fin
    (e) anal fin moderately long and not confluent with caudal fin    mooneyes
  67. 67bichirsPolypteridae
    (a) ventral paired lungs
    (b) series of free spine-like finlets in dorsal fin
    (c) spiracle present
    (d) rhombic ganoid scales
    (e) paired gular plates
    (f) spiral valve    bichirs
  68. 68spadefishEphippidae
    (i) dorsal fins separate
    (ii) body highly compressed
    (iii) gill membranes broadly united with isthmus    spadefish
  69. 69sunfishCentrarchidae
    (i) maxillary exposed when mouth closed
    (ii) opercle without spines or serrae
    (iii) preopercle not serrated
    (iv) pseudobranch rudimentary and covered with skin
    (v) spinous and soft dorsal usually connected    sunfish
  70. 70drumsSciaenidae
    (i) lateral line continues out to end of caudal fin
    (ii) one or two anal spines
    (iii) caudal fin slightly emarginate to rounded
    (iv) single barbel or patch of barbels present on tip of lower jaw of some species    drums
  71. 71porgiesSparidae
    (i) maxillary partially covered by preorbital when mouth closed
    (ii) no teeth on vomer
    (iii) posterior eeth in lower jaw molar-like; anterior teeth conical or incisiform (iv) no serrations on preopercle    porgies
  72. 72gobiesGobiidae
    (i) pelvic fins forming sucking disk
    (ii) five branchiostegal rays    gobies
  73. 73combtooth blenniesBlenniidae
    (i) body without scales
    (ii) dorsal fins continuous
    (iii) head blunt
    (iv) pelvic fins jugular    combtooth blennies
  74. 74butterfly fishChaetodontidae
    (i) Strongly compressed body
    (ii) No preopercular spine
    (iii) Caudal fin with 15 branched rays, marginal rounded to emarginate (iv) Small mouth    butterfly fish
  75. 75tunasScombridae
    (i) dorsal fins widely separated
    (ii) finlets located posterior to second dorsal
    (iii) caudal fin deeply forked, stiffened
    (iv) mouth large, terminal    tunas
  76. 76—Pleuronectidae
    (h) eyes always on right side
    (ii) origin of dorsal fin above eyes (in some species)    Pleuronectidae (h) eyes always on right side (ii) origin of dorsal fin above eyes (in some species)
  77. 77bristlemouthsGonostomatidae
    (i) body elongate
    (ii) dorsal fin posterior to pelvics
    (iii) teeth not long & fang-like, but bristle-like
    (iv) photophores present    bristlemouths
  78. 78triggerfishBalistidae
    (i) ventral fins represented by single, more or less jointed spine at the end of a long pelvic bone
    (ii) dorsal spines 3, with locking mechanism
    (iii) body strongly laterally compressed (b) Family Monacanthidae-filefishes**
    (i) two dorsal spines, second much smaller than first
    (ii) body prickly to touch
    (iii) ventral fins represented by single, more or less jointed spine at the end of a long pelvic bone    triggerfish
  79. 79—Paralichthyidae
    (i) eyes on left side of head
    (ii) pelvic fin without spine
    (iii) pelvic bases short and nearly symmetrical
    (iv) lower jaw prominent    Paralichthyidae (i) eyes on left side of head (ii) pelvic fin without spine (iii) pelvic bases short and nearly symmetrical (iv) lower ja...
  80. 80tonguefishCynoglossidae
    (i) eyes on left side of head
    (ii) pelvic fin without spine
    (iii) dorsal fin runs onto head and usually inserts anterior to dorsal eye (iv) lower jaw not prominent    tonguefish
  81. 81lanternfishMyctophidae
    (i) adipose fin present
    (ii) photophores present
    (iii) origin of anal fin under or behind dorsal fin base
    (iv) mouth usually large and terminal
    (v) operculum spiny    lanternfish
  82. 82—Ophidiidae
    (i) body elongate
    (ii) dorsal and anal fins confluent with caudal fin
    (iii) pelvic fins (if present) thoracic    Ophidiidae (i) body elongate (ii) dorsal and anal fins confluent with caudal fin (iii) pelvic fins (if present) thoracic
  83. 83—Phycidae
    (i) single anal fin
    (ii) pelvic fins thoracic with highly elongated rays    Phycidae (i) single anal fin (ii) pelvic fins thoracic with highly elongated rays
  84. 84—PimelodidaePimelodidae
  85. 85—Amiidae
    (a) single gular plate
    (b) branchiostegal rays present
    (c) terminal mouth, not prolonged into beak
    (d) head covered with bony plates
    (e) cycloid scales    Amiidae (a) single gular plate (b) branchiostegal rays present (c) terminal mouth, not prolonged into beak (d) head covered with bony pla...
  86. 86numbfishNarcinidae
    a. electric organs present
    b. two well developed dorsal fins
    c. well developed caudal fin
    d. broad, thick circular disk
    e. skin soft and loose
    f. jaws long and strongly protractile    numbfish
  87. 87american soleAchiridae
    (i) eyes on right side of head
    (ii) pelvic fin without spine
    (iii) right pelvic fin joined to anal fin
    (iv) lower jaw not prominent    american sole
  88. 88porcupine fishporcupinefishes
    (i) scales represented by strong spines
    (ii) single tooth in each jaw
    spines always present    porcupine fish
  89. 89—Uranoscopidae
    (i) top of head flattened
    (ii) mouth large, superior
    (iii) lips surrounded by fleshy fringe
    (iv) pelvic fins jugular    Uranoscopidae (i) top of head flattened (ii) mouth large, superior (iii) lips surrounded by fleshy fringe (iv) pelvic fins jugular
  90. 90damselfishPomacentridae
    (i) single obvious nostril on each side of head
    (ii) pelvic axillary scale present
    (iii) pseudobranch present
    (iv) opercle, preopercle or preorbital often serrated
    (v) anal spines never more than 3    damselfish
  91. 91—Elassomatidae
    (i) 4-5 dorsal spines
    (ii) cycloid scales
    (iii) lateral line absent
    (iv) spinous and soft dorsal fins broadly joined    Elassomatidae (i) 4-5 dorsal spines (ii) cycloid scales (iii) lateral line absent (iv) spinous and soft dorsal fins broadly joined
  92. 92snake and worm eelsOphichthidae
    (i) leptocephalous larval stage without caudal fin
    (ii) pectoral fins present
    (iii) opening of posterior nostril pierces upper lip
    (iv) tail stiffened    snake and worm eels
  93. 93—Anguillidae
    (a) leptocephalous larval stage without caudal fin
    (b) pectoral fins present
    (c) scales very small and embedded
    (d) lower jaw protrudes past upper jaw    Anguillidae (a) leptocephalous larval stage without caudal fin (b) pectoral fins present (c) scales very small and embedded (d) lower jaw...
  94. 94—Engraulidae
    (i) connection between swimbladder and ear
    (ii) snout prominent, mouth inferior
    (iii) maxillary long, extending posterior to eye    Engraulidae (i) connection between swimbladder and ear (ii) snout prominent, mouth inferior (iii) maxillary long, extending posterior to eye
  95. 95—Cyprinodontidae
    (i) third anal ray branched (first ray is rudimentary)
    (ii) egg layers, male without gonopodium
    (iii) body short & deep
    (iv) jaw teeth incisor-like and cusped
    (v) single dorsal fin at mid-body iii) Series Percomorpha    Cyprinodontidae (i) third anal ray branched (first ray is rudimentary) (ii) egg layers, male without gonopodium (iii) body short & de...
  96. 96—Salmonidae
    (i) adipose fin present
    (ii) scales small, >14 between dorsal fin insertion & lateral line (iii) maxillary usually reaches to at least below middle of eye.
    (iv) accessory scale present on pelvic fins    Salmonidae (i) adipose fin present (ii) scales small, >14 between dorsal fin insertion & lateral line (iii) maxillary usually reac...
  97. 97suckersCatostomidae
    (i) mouth bordered by both premaxillaries and maxillaries
    (ii) pharyngeal teeth in a single row with more than 16 teeth
    (iii) barbels absent
    (iv) mouth inferior, with fleshy lips    suckers
  98. 98sculpinsCottidae
    (i) head lacks spines
    (ii) anal fin lacks spines
    (iii) opercle usually unarmed, or with single spine
    (iv) body scaleless or only partially scaled    sculpins
  99. 99—

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Flashcards on Untitled, created by Krist Cambre on 02/10/2020.
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