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Flashcards by portemar000, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by portemar000
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Amendment | A minor change in a document, an article added to the United States Constitution |
| Assimilate | Take in information to understand fully |
| Bias | prejudice in favor of one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually to be unfair |
| Bicameral | having two branches or chambers (in the legislative body) |
| Blockade | To prevent supplies from entering or leaving port |
| Boomtown | A town undergoing rapid growth due to sudden prosperity |
| Capitalism | An economic and political system in which in country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by state |
| Captain of Industry | Ingenious and industrious leaders who transformed the American economics with their business skills |
| Checks and Balances | A way to keep the government from getting to powerful in one branch |
| Congress | Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal United States and consists of two houses: the Senate and House of Representatives |
| Due process of law | Fair treatment through the judicial system, especially for the citizens rights |
| Economics | The branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth |
| Emancipated | To free from bondage (slavery) |
| Enfranchise | Give the right to vote |
| Enumerated | Un-listed |
| Federalism | In this government system power is divided between Federal, National, and State governments |
| Forty-niners | A San Francisco football rush who gained their name from the California Gold Rush in 1849 |
| Free Enterprise | An economic system in which private businesses operates in competitive for profit with minimal governmental regulation |
| Habeas Corpus | A law requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court |
| Industry | economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories |
| Judicial | Of, by, or appropriate to a court or judge |
| Ku Klux Klan | A secret society organized in the South after the Civil War to reassert white supremacy by means of terrorism |
| Manifest Destiny | A period of American expansion westward from coast to coast, with the belief it was from God |
| Martyr | Killed because of a persons religion or beliefs |
| Monopoly | The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a service |
| Nomadic | Anything that has to do with moving around a lot |
| Override | If the president veto's a bill it cam still become a law if two-thirds of both houses vote to override the veto. |
| Popular Sovereignty | People are the source of the government's power |
| Ratify | to approve |
| Radical | A group of Northern congressman who favored using the Federal Government's power to create a new order in the South and promote full citizenship fro free African Americans |
| Republicanism | People elect their political representatives |
| Robber Baron | Cruel, ruthless business men who would stop at nothing to achieve wealth, often accused of working people to hard |
| Rural | Country, off the beaten path |
| Separation of Powers | Each of the three branches of government has it's own responsibilities |
| Social Darwinism | The theory that individuals, groups, and people are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals |
| Suffrage | The right to vote in political elections (mainly for women) |
| Supreme Court | The highest judicial court in a country or state The highest court in the U.S. consisting of nine justices |
| Tariff | A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports |
| Taxation without Representation | A situation in which a government imposes taxes on a particular group of citizens, despite a delivery on their knowledge of it happening |
| Trade Union | Another term used for labor union a union of work throughout age groups |
| Urban | In the city |
| Veto | The presidents rejection to a bill |
| Tomas Jefferson | An American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and the third president of the United States |
| Andrew Johnson | 17th president of the United States, taking Linclon's place, democratic |
| Sacagawea | Is known for accompanying the Lewis and Clark expedition. She served as a guide, translater and interpreter. She was also a mother. |
| James K. Polk | "Mr. Manifest Destiny" 11th president |
| Frederick Douglass | Former slave, escaped slavery Wrote the diary of Frederick Douglass Abolitionist leader Published the newspaper "The North Star" |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Had/witnessed multiple slave stories published over 30 books wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin" |
| John Brown | A white American abolitionist who believed armed insurrection was the only way to overthrow the institution of slavery in the United States |
| Robert E. Lee | An American soldier who commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War from 1862-1865 which was when he surrendered |
| Andrew Jackson | 7th president of the United States of America |
| Susan B. Anthony | Mostly known for an American social reformer and feminist who played a pivotal role in the women's suffrage movement |
| Sitting Bull | Was a holy man who led his people as a tribal chief during years of resistance to United States government policies |
| George Cluster | A United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt | A philanthropist who 'built America" by making his money off of railroads and shipping. |
| John Rockefeller | Was a man who dominated in the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust |
| Andrew Carnegie | Led an enormous expansion in the American steel industry, and was one of the best known philanthropist |
| Jamestown | -Started from nothing -Built in the middle of a Native American Empire -Without 2 years there is a mass production of tobacco -Slaves play a huge role in the production -Spreads agriculture |
| Plymouth | -Mayflower brought settlers here seeking religious freedom -The governor of the community was William Bradford -The first feast (Thanksgiving) was here |
| Lexington and Concord | held the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War |
| Erie Canal | connected to Lake Erie, the great lakes system, and the Hudson River western states were able to use this as a way to direct access to the Atlantic Ocean without shipping goods downstream |
| The Alamo | A place in Texas where a battle between a small group of U.S. soldiers and a large Mexican Army took place, all U.S. soldiers died but their brave efforts are still remembered today |
| Harper's Ferry | An attempt led by John Brown to start an armed slave revolt and destroy the institution of slavery, in Harper's Ferry, Virginia |
| Fort Sumter | On April 12, 1861 the Confederate Army fires on this Fort, the fort surrenders the next day and there are no casualities |
| Gettysburg | On July 1-3 1863 Robert E. Lee divided his army to push back the union army and this was the greatest victory for the Confederate Army |
| Appomattox Courthouse | The last battle of the Civil War was fought here on April 9, 1865, where Robert E. Lee made his surrender official to the Union Army |
| Ford's Theater | A theater in Washington D.C where president Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth |
| Promontory Point, Utah | Cape or southernmost point of peninsula formed where Promontory Mountains projected into Northern Great Salt Lake |
| Ellis Island and Angel Island | In 1905 held the Immigration Station |
| Declaration of Independence | Signed on July 4, 1776, by the second American Continental Congress, this document asserted freedom and independence of the 13 colonies |
| Revolutionary War | This was A war to gain American Independence from Britain. The first battle took place at Lexington and Concord in 1775 and lasted through the Battle of Yorktown in 1781 |
| Articles of Confederation | The original constitution of the U.S., ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the U.S. constitution in 1789 |
| Great Compromise | This gave people the right to have 2 representatives no matter the size of population. The House of Representatives and the Senate agreed to this compromise |
| Passing the Constitution | Passing this was a way to increase federal authority while still protecting the basic rights of its citizens |
| Adding the Bill of Rights | Adding this gave the first 10 amendments in the United States Constitution |
| Louisiana Purchase | In 1803 France sold Louisiana Territory to the United States, they sold 800,000square miles for only $0.04 per acre. This made the total price $15 million and this created 15 states (AR, MO, IA, OK, NB, ND, SD, NM, WY, CO, KS, TX, MT, MN, LA) |
| Missouri Compromise | This banded slavery in the Louisiana Territory and made Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state |
| Indian Removal Acts | Signed by Andrew Jonson on May 28, 1830 these Acts gave the president the right to grant unsettled lands West of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within state borders. Some went peacefully however some did not. |
| Mexican-American War | A war fought between the U.S. and Mexico from 1846-1848 |
| California Gold Rush | This, happening in 1849, shaped Americas wealth history, news would spread quickly and gold minors would come to California to mine for gold |
| Homestead Acts | This was a law passed that offered up to 160 acres of land to any head of a family who paid a registration fee, used the land for 5 years, or built onto the land |
| Industrial Revolution | A time where the economy boomed into an expansion of factories and factory workers |
| Underground Railroad | Led by Harriet Tubman this helped many slaves escape slavery and was meant to be kept a secret |
| Seneca Falls Convention | The first women's rights convention, an attempt to make the overall women have more social, civil, and religious rights |
| Compromise of 1850 | California would be determined a free state, New Mexico would be a slave state. This would also ban slave trade and improve the Fugitive Slave Acts |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This allowed residents to determine if slavery was legal in their state or not. In this Act it created much violence and people began moving territories |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford | This was a court case when a former freed slave wanted to gain his freedom from his master because his master moved him to a place where slavery at the time was not legal, but continued to have him be his slave |
| Fugitive Slave Act | A law passed (in relation to the compromise of 1850) that provided slaveholders with legal weapons to capture slaves who had escaped or been released to free states |
| Bleeding Kansas | Led by abolitionist John Brown this time had very violent encounters between anti-slavery people, pro-slavery people, and free-staters |
| Civil War | This war between 1861 and 1865 determined what our nation would be today, fought between the Union and Confederacy ending in a surrendered victory to the Union (Confederacy surrendered) |
| Emancipation Proclamation | An order given by Abraham Lincoln to free all slaves in the "rebellion" states |
| Civil War Draft Riots | These could help people get out of serving in the military. However richer people had an advantage because they could pay these easier, rather than poor people who could not pay in off. Therefore they would have to serve |
| Gettysburg Address | This was a speech that was given by Abraham Lincoln. It was halfway through the war when many in the Union were thinking about giving up. It also honored those who were killed at Gettysburg. |
| Reconstruction | The time period following the Civil War in which congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring the Southern States back into the Union |
| Civil War Amendments | The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were also known as this. In which they abolished slavery, granted African Americans citizenship, and allowed African American men the right to vote |
| Completion of the Transcontinental Railroad | Allowed goods and people to be shipped from across the continent. It was faster, easier, and safer |
| Indian Wars | These were multiple conflicts between American settlers or the United States government and the Native peoples of North America in the earliest colonial settlement until 1890. |
| Gilded Age | Refers to a superficial period of intense economic growth. Many people were involved who could be classified as Captains of Industry or Robber Barons |
| Populist Party | People just like the common folk that were against interests of railroads, bankers, corporations, and the politicians who supported them |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Supreme Court case ruled separate but equal facilities between whites and blacks was okay in 1896 |
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