Flashcards
Biology Chapter 26
Cards in this deck (31)
- 1AmniotesAnimals in which the embryos develop in a fluid-filled sac.
Include mammals, aves, and reptiles - 24 Membranes inside the Shell which protects and nourish the embryo in the cellAmnion, Chorion, Yolk Sac, Allantois
- 3Anatomy of the Amniotic Sac
- 4AmnionMembrane that surrounds and cushions the embryo from changes in temperature and physical blows
- 5ChorionMembrane that allows gas exchange with the outside environment. Right below the shell.
- 6Yolk SacMembrane which contains the nutrient supply
- 7AllantoisMembrane that holds waste materials from embryo
- 8Shell of the Amniotic SacSemipermeable : Allows the oxygen and carbon dioxide to go in and out. Don't allow water to go out to not make the amniote dry.
- 9Anatomy of the Fist AmniotesMoved like lizards. Legs sticked out from the sides of its body and the elbows and knees bent as it walked. Contractions make the body sway from side to side. Muscles inflate the lungs and cannot run and breathe at the same time.
- 10Anatomy of Mammals, Dinosaurs, and BirdsEvolved in a more upright stance. Straighter limbs set underneath its body. Legs swing back and forth. Does not sway from side to side and uses less energy and enables the animal to breathe as it walks.
- 11Amniotes CirculationBodies required more energy for movement and growth. This developed different types of circulatory systems. Centralized heart and two circuits of blood vessels. Two circuits are pulmonary and systematic.
- 12Pulmonary circuitCircuit that moves oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs, and moves oxygen-rich blood from the lungs back to the heart.
- 13Systemic CircuitCircuit that moves oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Moves oxygen-poor blood back to the heart where it can be pumped to the lungs.
- 14Reptile HeartsThree-chambered heart with two atria and one ventricle.
- 15Mammals and Birds HeartFour-chambered heart with two atria and two ventricles. Keep oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood separate. More oxygen-rich blood goes to the tissues and provide more oxygen (energy)
- 16EctothermOrganisms whose body temperatures are determined by their surrounding environment. Can adjust their body temperature. Less active when it is cold, but can survive on less food.
(Reptiles - Amniotes) - 17EndothermOrganisms that can increase or decrease their own metabolism to keep themselves warm or cool. For example, when they are cold, they shiver rapidly by contracting their muscles to make more heat. Can be active in all types of temperatures, but need more energy (food) to keep their tissues warm.
(Birds and Mammals - Amniotes) - 18ReptilesEctotherms that are covered with dry scales or plates and reproduce by laying amniotic eggs covered with at tough outer shell.
- 19Oviparous ReptilesReptiles that put their eggs into a nest, and the eggs develop completely outside of the adult reptile's body.
- 20Viviparous ReptilesReptiles that hold the eggs inside of their body while the young develop.
- 21SynapsidsReptiles that had one hole on each side of the skull. They gave rise to modern mammals.
- 22AnapsidsReptiles that have skulls without any holes on the sides. (turtles)
- 23DiapsidsReptiles that have two holes on each side of the skull, one above the other. Gave rise to many modern reptiles and birds. (dinosaurs)
- 24Extinct AmniotesPelycosaurs (some evolved to mammals), Ichthyosaurs (like dolphins), Plesiosaurs (Marine), Dinosaurs, Pterosaurs (Flight)
- 25Four Modern Group of ReptilesTurtles, Sphenodonts, Snakes and Lizards, Crocodilians
- 26TurtlesOnly remaining anapsid amniotes. Back shell is the carapece and the front belly part is the pastron. Shell is covered with plates made of keratin.
- 27SphenodonInclude only two species of tuatara in few small islands near New Zealand. Closely related to lizards and snakes. Light sensitive eyespot in the center of their head.
- 28Snakes and LizardsReptiles that shed their skins on a regular basis, have flexible skulls, and have a specialized organ that allows them to taste in the air (Jacobson's Organ). Include iguanas.
- 29CrocodiliansInclude alligators, crocodiles, and caimans. Are semiaquatic predators and ambush predators.
- 305 Anatomical Features birds and many theropods share1. Hollow Bones
2. Fused collarbones that form a V-shaped wishbone (furcula)
3. Rearranged muscles in the hips and legs improve bipedal movements
4. Hands that lost their fourth and fifth fingers
5. Feathers - 31ThetropodsAnimals in which paleontologists believe that the birds are descendants. Bipedal dinosaurs that don't have wings but have feathers.
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- Flashcards on Biology Chapter 26, created by AngeRuby on 09/05/2015.
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- AngeRuby · May 2015
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- Feb 19, 2016
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