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Lecture 3 Reading
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- 1COMPULSORY Frankland and Bontempi (2005) - The organization of recent and remote memories.Anterograde vs retrograde amnesia.
Multiple trace = flat retrograde for episodic memories as hippocampus is always required. Expect temporal gradient for semantic.
Indirect evidence of cellular replay from nap studies.
Many genes linked to synaptic potentiation upregulated during REM.
Mouse consolidation within a week (NMDA suppression)
Reactivation declines exponentially.
Changes to networks cannot occur without cortical plasticity.
Lesions within cortex impairs memory, esp PFC
- integration and synthesis zone
- successful recall = PFC inh hc; mismatch = hc engaged - 2Takashima et al. (2006) - Declarative memory consolidation in humans: a prospective functional magnetic resonance imaging studyfMRI over course of 3 months.
Non-specific benefit of S2.
Remote memories ONLY benefited from SWS (15/24 achieved).
More confident and successful memory retrieval associated with decreased hippocampal activation.
Over time, there is less dependence on the hippocampus and more on the vmPFC. - 3Zola-Morgan an Squire (1990) - The primate hippocampal formation: Evidence for time-limited role in memory storageRibot's gradient shows that the hippocampus is not a permanent store.
Primates learned items at 16, 12, 8, 4 and 2 weeks prior to hc lesions.
Primates were impaired on items presented 2 and 4 weeks preop.
Not just differential attrition by type as would not predict remote>recent findings.
More likely to evidence time-limited role for hippocampus in memory consolidation. - 4Wilson and McNaughton (1995)Rats demonstrated hippocampal replay during sleep
- place cells active during run fired in approx same groups and sequences during sleep. - 5Bayley et al. (2008) - New semantic learning in patients with large MTL lesionsTested 2 amnesiacs on semantic memories formed post-lesion e.g new words, famous faces and names and new furniture.
Both worse than controls
EP poorest - NSD on any measure (though small trends)
GP performed sig better than chance on all measures indicating at least some knowledge
- also displayed some episodic recall??
Consistent with complementary learning systems. - 6Euston et al. (2007) - Fastforward playback of recent memory sequences in PFC during sleep2 rats trained on circular runs.
mPFC.
Evidence of replay at an accelerated rate (where explained variance >15%).
- compression rate ~6.5
Coherence for around ~1.5s i.e. 2 x 750 ms.
- time-limitation for up states - cf Vyazovskiy and Harris (2013). - 7Gais et al., (2007) - Sleep transforms the cerebral trace of declarative memoriesR hc response stronger after SD.
Sleep promoted hc-vmPFC connectivity.
Still differences in neural response 6 months later.
Accords with rodent lesions in vmPFC producing stronger amnesia for remote memories. - 8Takehara et al. (2003)Lesioned rats in hc and mPFC at various points after learning CR.
-1 day after learning, hc had most deleterious effect on performance
- 4 weeks after learning = mPFC affected CR most
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- Undergraduate Cognitive Psychology of Sleep (3) Theories of memory consolidation) Flashcards on Lecture 3 Reading, created by Emma Smith on 15/05/2015.
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