Flashcards
Biology Mock Flashcards
Cards in this deck (67)
- 1Types Of Carbohydrates B1 - 1.1Potatoes, bread and pasta
- 2Where are Fats found? B1 - 1.1Cheese, butter and oils
- 3Where are Proteins found? B1 - 1.1Fish, eggs and cheese
- 4What do proteins do? B1 - 1.1Help with growing and repair
- 5Where are fibres found? B1 - 1.1Vegetables, fruit, bread
- 6What do fibres help with? B1 - 1.1Digestion
- 7What happens if you don't eat enough? B1 - 1.1Become prone to various diseases
- 8What happens if you eat too much? B1 - 1.1Become prone to other various diseases and can get high blood pressure
- 9What happens to the food after you've eaten it? B1 - 1.1Its broken down into small molecules
- 10What are Proteins broken down into? B1 - 1.1Amino acids
- 11What is metabolic rate? B1 - 1.1The speed at which chemical reactions take place in the body
- 12Where is Cholesterol made? And Where is it passed onto? B1 - 1.1Made in the liver, passed on to the blood
- 13What does cholesterol do? B1 - 1.1Makes healthy cell membranes
- 14What are the 2 types of Cholesterol? And which one is it good to have more of? B1 - 1.1LDL's (Low Density Lipoproteins) and HDL's (High Density Lipoproteins)
It's better to have more HDL's as too many LDL's can lead to fat building up in the arteries - 15What do HDL's do? B1 - 1.1Remove excess choleserol
- 16What are Bacteria and viruses? B1 - 1.2Pathogens (micro-organisms)
- 17What 2 things can Bacteria do? B1 - 1.2Multiply rapidly and release Toxins (that make you ill)
- 18How are viruses different to Bacteria? B1 - 1.2They are smaller and can reproduce 100's and 1000's of copies of themselves
- 19What are Influenza, Aids, MMR, colds and chicken pox all part of? B1 - 1.2A Virus
- 20Types of bacteria? B1 - 1.2Cholera, Typhoid, food poisoning, Gonorrhea, tetnus and whooping cough
- 21What are the types of WBC that help you get better? B1 - 1.2Phagocytes and Lymphocytes
- 22What do Phagocytes do? B1 - 1.2Ingest the pathogens
- 23What do Lymphocytes do? B1 - 1.2Multiply when they confront the disease and make lots of proteins called antibodies to help attack the disease
- 24Why isn't there a vaccine for the common cold? B1 - 1.2It mutates too quickly
- 25What can you use antibiotics to kill off? B1 - 1.2Bacteria
- 26What is one of the main problems with viruses? B1 - 1.2They damage the host cell when they reproduce
- 27What are receptors? B1 - 2Specialised cells that detect changes in the environment / stimuli
- 28What does a receptor do once its been stimulated? B1 - 2It sends signal along the nerve cells (neurones) to the brain
- 29Give an example of an effector B1 - 2A muscle contracting to move the arm
- 30List 3 different types of Neurone B1 - 2Sensory (carries signals from receptors to the spinal cord or brain), Relay (carries signals from sensory to motor neurones) and motor (to carry signals to parts of the body that move)
- 31What is the gap called when there is a gap where 2 neurones meet? B1 - 2Synapse
- 32What controls the water content of our bodies? B1 - 2Hormones
- 33What looks after our iron and salt content of our body? B1 - 2Hormones
- 34What do hormones control our body at the perfect temperature for? B1 - 2Enzymes, which is essential for the processes in cells
- 35Where is adrenaline made? B1 - 2The Adrenal gland
- 36Where is Oestrogen made? B1 - 2Ovaries
- 37Where is FSH made? B1 - 2Pituitary Gland
- 38Where is insulin made? B1 - 2Pancreas
- 39What are the 3 hormones in menstruation? B1 - 2Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Oestrogen and Luteinising Hormone (LH)
- 40How are hormones transported around the body? B1 - 2In the bloodstream
- 41What does Homeostasis mean? B1 - 2Maintaining a constant internal environment
- 42Where do plants shoots grow? B1 - 2Towards light and against the force of gravity
- 43Where do plants roots grow? B1 - 2towards moisture and in the direction of the force of gravity
- 44What does the plant hormone Auxin do in the shoots? B1 - 2Causes increased cell growth, which causes the shoot to curve towards the stimulus
- 45What does Auxin do in the roots? B1 - 2Inhibits cell growth, which causes the root to curve away from the stimulus
- 46What do weed killers do? B1 - 2They cause the weed to grow very quickly but because the weed cant sustain this rate of growth it dies
- 47What happens when you root hormones? B1 - 2Cuttings are taken form a plant, the cutting is dipped into rooting powders, then the hormone causes cells in the cutting to develop into roots
- 48What do stimulants do to the body? B1 - 3Increase heart rate
- 49Alcohol is an example of... B1 - 3A depressant
- 50Why was thalidomide banned? B1 - 3It caused birth defects
- 51List adaptations of a polar bear B1 - 4White fur - so its difficult to see in the snow, so its prey cant see them
Thick layers of fat and fur - to keep it warm
Small surface area to volume ratio - to minimise heat loss
Greasy fur -to shed water quickly after swimming - 52Why do plants are plants in the artic close to the ground? B1 - 4It helps them conserve water and avoid damage to the artic winds
- 53List adaptations of a camel B1 - 4Large flat feet - to spread its weight on the sand
Thick fur coat on the top of its body - for shade and
Thin fur elsewhere - to allow easy heat loss
Large surface area to volume ratio - to maximise heat loss and the ability to go a long time without water
2 rows of eyelashes - to keep the sand out - 54Where do Cacti (Cactus) store their water? B1 - 4Their stems
- 55List adaptations of a cactus B1 - 4Widespread root systems - so that they can collect water from a large area
Spikes instead of leaves - minimises surface area so reduces water loss by transpiration - 56What adaptation of a cactus warns of predators? B1 - 4Can contain poisons, and their colours warn off herbivores and predators
- 57Why is a Snowshoe hare a good example of a well adapted animal? B1 - 4Its fur changes colour with the season to help camouflage itself
- 58What does the nucleus of a cell contain? B1 - 7Chromosomes made from DNA
- 59What does a gene carry particular code for? B1 - 7A particular protein
- 60How many pairs of chromosomes do the human body cells contain? B1 - 723
- 61How many parents does asexual reproduction need? B1 - 71
- 62What is the simplest way to clone a plant? B1 - 7Taking a cutting
- 63Name one advantage of taking cuttings B1 - 7New genetically identical plants can be grown cheaply and quickly
- 64What is an organism treated by Genetic Modification called? B1 - 7A transgenic organism
- 65When was the first life form found on earth? B1 - 83 billion years ago
- 66What are the 7 components of a healthy diet? B1 - 1.1Carbohydrates
Fats
Water
Fibre
Vitamins
Minerals
Proteins - 67What are the different methods of spreading infection? B1 - 1.2Coughing
Sneezing
Not washing your hands