Flashcards
Amy - The Mind & Brain
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1Terminology: ConsciousnessThe state of being
awake, aware, and alert - 2Terminology: Agent IntellectThe Mind of God
(used by Abu Nasr al-Farabi) - 3Concept: which question does the Personal Identity Problem answer?How can we verify that we are this specific person at this specific point in time?
- 4Match the Definition: the qualitative properties surrounding a “feeling” and sensationQualia
- 5Terminology: Objective FactsPhysical aspects of a scenario and can be felt/understood by multiple POVs
ex. if a child fell off their bike, nearby witnesses can see the child's knee bleeding - 6Match the Definition: Facts that can only be experienced and truly understood from the experiencer themselvesSubjective Facts
- 7(Philosophical Views & Personal Identity) Who believed that the past and present selves are one?Buddha; his reason behind this theory is that although his past is in a different time from the present, his previous memories and experiences have not disappeared.
- 8(Philosophical Views & Personal Identity) True or False: Ibn Sina thought that his identity would not exist without his body.False! He believed that his body parts are apart of him since his mind needs them in order to function in the physical world, but even without his limbs, he would still be himself since he would still know that he exists himself despite his body not.
- 9(Philosophical Views & Personal Identity) How are dolphins similar to humans? What do they share in common that conflicts with the identity of a “person?”Dolphins check off all 10 items on the list that define what a person is, except dolphins are not granted rights and freedoms. Dolphins are alive, aware of their surroundings, feel and experience different sensations, emotions, and they’re able to learn, communicate, recall, recognize, and solve problems effectively.
- 10Which school of Philosophy did Paul and Patricia Churchland believe in?Eliminative Materialism: All our thoughts, beliefs, and wants are wrong since common sense varies on the person. It is not objective/factual.
- 11(Philosophical Views & Personal Identity) How can the Ship of Thesus be applied to our life and identity?Despite every single plank of the ship being removed, over time, the ship is still considered the same ship as it was before. For example, in real life, despite us changing our physical appearances (cutting our hair, changing from baby to adult teeth, etc.), we are still considered the same person. Our history and past also define us, and though all the cells in our body are replaced with new ones completely every month, we’re still *us.*
- 12Which school of philosophy uses the analogy of comparing computer software programs and hardware to the brain and mind?Functionalism. The mind represents the software while the brain is the hardware. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz believed in this theory.
- 13True or False: Identity Theory believes that all thoughts and brain functions are the same/identical.True! They fall under the same "state," and Hilary Putnam is one of the philosophers who represent this theory.
- 14True or False: Neutral Monism believes that the mind and brain are made of the same thing, derived from God and/or Nature.False! Neutral Monism = the mind and brain are 2 parts of the same, neutral/basic substance. William James and Bertrand Russel believed in this.
- 15Which type of Monism is this? "The mind and brain are the same things, but the mind cannot be physical as it cannot be explained by science." Substance or Anomalous?Anomalous!
Donald Davidson is a philosopher who believed in the Anomalous monism theory of the mind and brain. - 16Baruch Spinoza believed in the Substance Monism theory, representing the mind and brain.True. He thought that the mind and brain were 2 parts of 1 “substance” / thing.
- 17What is the New Mysterianism Dualism theory?It's the theory that the mind is physically formed in a way where we will never be able to answer some questions due to the limitations set by our bodies. Our cognitive abilities are limited.
- 18Which school of philosophy believes that science cannot explain consciousness?Subjective Facts, which is part of the Dualism school, explains how it is impossible to truly understand how people and animals can have physical and mental aspects.
- 19Which Islamic philosopher believed that there are 4 parts (potential, active, acquired, agent) to the mind?Abu Nasr al-Farabi. He believed that the mind is a reflection of the Agent Intellect (God), and after your death, nothing that is currently part of you stays in the world.
- 20Which Persian-born Islamic philosopher believed that the mind is immortal and that the body is solely there to serve the mind?Ibn Sina. He believed that the mind is everlasting, and once the body decays, it does not affect the mind.
- 21What did John Locke call the mind when we are first born?A blank slate.
He also believed that our thinking skills can be impacted by illness and/or lack of stimulation.
- 22Fill in the Blank: Rene Descartes believed that the mind is _____, and its sole purpose is to _____. The mind and body ____ with each other.immaterial,
think,
interact
- 23True or False: Did Immanuel Kant believe that our mind allows us to experience the world spatially and eternally?False! Kant believed that our minds take up space and allow us to experience the world spatially, but only temporarily.
- 24Fill in the Blank: Cognitive Science believes that our minds behave like _____, receiving input, ____ them, and then exporting the _____.computers,
processing,
output
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