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Flashcards

The Respiratory System

Kyle Gounder Medicine English 67 cards

Cards in this deck (67)

  1. 1Give 2 functions of the Respiratory system regarding air.- Provides an extensive area for gas exchange between air & circulating blood.
    - Moving air to & from the exchange surfaces of the lungs.
  2. 2Give 2 functions of the respiratory system as a defense mechanism.- Protects respiratory surfaces from dehydration, temperature changes and other environmental variations.
    - Defends respiratory system & other tissues from invasion by pathogenic microorganisms.
  3. 32 General functions of the respiratory system-Assists in regulation of blood volume, blood pressure and control of body fluid pH.
    - Produce sounds involved in speaking, singing or non-verbal communication.
  4. 44 organs found in the upper respiratory system1. Nose
    2. Nasal cavity
    3. Paranasal sinuses
    4. Pharynx
  5. 5What is the responsibility of the upper respiratory system- Filters, warms a& humidifies air
  6. 64 organs that the Lower Respiratory system comprises of1. Larynx
    2. Trachea
    3. Bronchi
    4. Lungs
  7. 7Function of the Respiratory Tract- Consists of airways that carry air to & from exchange surfaces of lungs
  8. 8Where is the conducting portion found- Extends from entrance to nasal cavity to smallest bronchioles of lungs
  9. 9What does the Respiratory portion consist of- consists of respiratory bronchioles & Air sacs (alveoli)
  10. 10What happens when the air reaches the lung alveoli- Most foreign particles & pathogens have been removed due to filtering, warming & humidification of air due to properties of respiratory epithelium.
  11. 11What type of cells form the respiratory epithelium- Consists of pseudostratified, ciliated, columnar epithelium with goblet cells.
  12. 12Where are the epithelium cells found in the respiratory system- Lines entire respiratory tract except for finest conducting portions & alveoli
  13. 13What are the goblet cells and mucus glands behind the epithelium responsible for producingThey produce a sticky mucus that bathes exposed surface
  14. 14What happens in the nasal cavity- cilia sweeps any debris trapped in mucus or micro-organisms towards pharynx where it will be swallowed & exposed to enzymes & stomach acids
  15. 15Function of the nose- Is the primary passageway for air entering the respiratory system, it enters the paired nares that open into nasal cavity
  16. 16Is the portion of the nasal cavity contained within flexible tissues of external noseVestibule
  17. 17Function of the VestibuleHas coarse air that traps foreign particles
  18. 18Divides the nasal cavity into right & left halves- Nasal Septum
  19. 19What forms the bony portion of the nasal septumA perpendicular plate of ethmoid & vomer
  20. 20What forms the Anterior portions of the nasal septumHyaline Cartilage
  21. 21What forms the lateral & superior walls of the nasal cavityMaxillary bone
    nasal bone
    frontal bone
    ethmoid bone
    sphenoid bone
  22. 22What Bones make up the lateral wall of the nasal cavityThe superior, middles & inferior conchae
  23. 23Describe what happens to the incoming air in the lateral wall of the nasal cavity- air flows between adjacent conchae
    - incoming air bounces of conchae creating a turbulence which causes air particles to contact mucus in the cavity.
  24. 24Function of turblunce-Promotes filtration
    -Humidifying
    -Warming
  25. 25Incoming air that bounces of the nasal cavity causes____Turbulence
  26. 26What bones form the nasal cavity floor- Hard palate of maxillary and palatine bones
  27. 27Where does the nasal cavity open intoNasopharynx at internal nares
  28. 28Boundary line between superior nasopharynx and rest of the pharynx- Soft Palate
  29. 29Connects the nose, mouth and throat by the means of a common passageway-Pharynx
  30. 302 Systems that share the pharynx-Respiratory System
    -Digestive System
  31. 313 Regions of the Pharynx-Nasopharynx
    - Oropharynx
    - Laryngopharynx
  32. 32Superior part of pharynx that is connected to the posterior portion of the nasal cavity via internal nares-Nasopharynx
  33. 33Separates the nasopharynx from the oral cavity- Soft Palate
  34. 34Is located on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx-Pharyngeal
  35. 35Name of the openings on the lateral walls of the nasopharynx- Auditory tubes
  36. 36Extends between soft palate & base of tongue at level of hyoid boneOropharynx
  37. 37Name of epithelium cells found at the boundary of the nasopharynx and oropharynx- Stratified Squamous Epithelium
  38. 382 Structure found in the soft palate- uvula
    - 2 pairs pharyngeal arches
  39. 39Names of pharyngeal arches- Anterior palatoglossal arch
    -Posterior palatoglossal arch
  40. 40What lies between the Anterior and Posterior palatoglossal arch-Palatine tonsil
  41. 41Portion of the pharynx that lies between the hyoid bone & entrance of the esophagus and is the most inferior part of pharynx-Laryngopharynx
  42. 42Lines the Laryngopharynx-Stratified Squamous Epithelium
  43. 43Between which vertebral levels does the Larynx lie- C4-C7
  44. 44The air that leaves the pharynx enters through a narrow opening known as the __.-Glottis
  45. 45Function of the Larynx-The Larynx surround and protects the glottis
  46. 46Larynx Components- Cartilaginous walls stabilized by ligaments and muscle
  47. 47Is the largest laryngeal cartilage and forms most of the anterior and lateral walls of larynx- Thyroid Cartilage
  48. 48Common name for laryngeal prominence-Adams Apple
  49. 49Structural aspect of Thyroid cartilage- the interior surface connected with cricoid.
    - Superior surface has ligamentous attachments to epiglottis & other smaller laryngeal cartilages,
  50. 50Is ring shaped and is posterior portion which provides support in absence of thyroid cartilage- Cricoid Cartilage
  51. 51Function of Cricoid & thyroid cartilage- Protects glottis & entrance to trachea.
    - Broad surface provides sites for laryngeal muscles & ligaments.
  52. 52Which surface of the cricoid articulates with arytenoid cartilage-Superior surface
  53. 53Is a leaf shaped structure that projects above the glottis and has attachments to thyroid cartilage & hyoid bone-Epiglottis
  54. 54What occurs during swallowing-Larynx is elevated
    - Epiglottis folds back over glottis
    - preventing entry of liquid or solid food into respiratory passageway
  55. 55Is ladled shaped and is articulate with superior border of enlarged portion of cricoid cartilage- Arytenoid Cartilage
  56. 56Is horn shaped structure and is articulate with arytenoid cartilages.-Corniculate Cartilage
  57. 57Function of the Corniculate and Arytenoid cartilage- Involved in the opening & closing the glottis.
    - Production of sound
  58. 58Wedge shaped structure which lies within aryepiglottic fold that extends between lateral aspects of each arytenoid cartilage & epiglottis-Cuneiform Cartilage
  59. 59Binds all 9 cartilages together to form larynx-Intrinsic ligaments
  60. 60Attaches thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone & cricoid cartilage to trachea- Extrinsic Ligaments
  61. 61Extends between thyroid cartilage & arytenoids-Ventricular and vocal ligaments.
  62. 62Ventricular & vocal ligaments are covered by_____.-Laryngeal Epithelium
  63. 63Function of Ventricular folds-Prevents foreign objects from entering glottis.
    -Provide protection for more delicate vocal folds
  64. 64Is a tough tube with a diameter of 2,5cm and length of 11cm-Trachea
  65. 65Where does the Trachea begin and end-Begins- anterior to C6 vertebra
    - Ends- T5 vertebra of mediastinum
  66. 66True or False: Does the trachea branch out and if so branches into what-True
    - Right & Left primary bronchi
  67. 67—

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Medicine Flashcards on The Respiratory System, created by Kyle Gounder on 01/04/2021.
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Kyle Gounder
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