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| Question | Answer |
| Soil is | A thin layer of loose material on the earths surface |
| Soil is mainly made of | Water, air, mineral particles, humus, roots and organisms |
| The factors that influence the formation of soil are | Climate, Parent Material, living organisms, landscape, vegetation and time |
| The main soils found in Ireland are | Brown, Podzol, peaty and gley soils |
| Soil is important because | Without it plants wouldn’t grow |
| The 4 main layers of soil are | Horizon A, B, C and O horizon |
| Most of the organisms live in which layer of soil? | The A horizon (topsoil) |
| Beneath the topsoil is | The subsoil (B horizon) |
| The deepest layer of soil is called | The C horizon (parent rock/bedrock) |
| The O horizon is the small layer at the very top which contains | Organic material |
| Leaching occurs when | Heavy rainfall washes minerals and nutrients down to the subsoil (B horizon) |
| Leaching is bad because | A horizon loses fertility as plant can’t reach nutrients in B horizon |
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