Flashcards
55.Echinococcosis
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1What is Echinococcus ?parasitic type of tapeworm common in the middle east.
Part of the echinococcus genus. - 2how does echinococcus spread ?Zoonotic ( from animal to human )
Transmission via ingestion of parasitic eggs via contaminated food, soil or water or via direct contact with contaminated animal hosts - 3what are the two forms of echinococcus ?Cystic Echinococcus which is caused by E.Granulosus
and Alveolar Echinococcus which is caused by E.multilocularis - 4which form of Echinococcus causes hydatid disease ?Cystic Echinococcus
- 5Describe pathogenesis ( 3 points )1. Ingested eggs from animal faeces hatch in the gut and release oncospheres
2.Oncospheres penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate via circulation
3. Lodge in the liver or lungs, once in the tissues the oncospheres will grow slowly into cysts - 6What are the signs and symptoms of Cystic Echinococcus ?1. Hydatid cysts in liver and lungs
2. Cysts in liver= abdo pain, nausea and vomiting
3. Cysts in lungs= chromic cough, chest pain and SOB
4. Anorexia, weight loss and weakness - 7What are the signs and symptoms of Alveolar Echinococcus ?asymptomatic incubation period of 5-15 years
1. Slow development of a primary tumour-like lesion ( usually in liver)
2. Weight loss, abdo pain, malaise,signs of liver failure, portal hypertension - 8What is a lesion ?A region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage though injury or disease such as wound, ulcer, abscess or tumour.
- 9Complications of Echinococcus1. Liver= if cysts burst can cause anaphylactic shock ( type 1 hypersensitivity reaction) and diffuse peritonitis ( intra-abdominal infection)
2. Biliary tract= (obstructive/post hepatic jaundice)
3. Lungs= anaphylactic shock (pneumonia-like), pneumothorax,empyema. - 10How do you diagnose Echinococcus ?1.Ultrasonography ( ultrasound)
2.Serological tests ( for specific antibodies ) - 11Treatment for Echinococcus1. Extensive surgery and prolonged drug therapy
2. treatment using PAIR ( puncture, aspiration, injection, reaspiration )
3.Antihelminthic drug ( albendazole) - 12What is Prevention for Echinococcus ?1. Deworming of dogs
2. Vaccination of lambs
3. Public health campaigns
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- Undergraduate Medicine (General Surgery) Flashcards on 55.Echinococcosis, created by Sarah Dimia on 01/06/2021.
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- Sarah Dimia
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