Flashcards
OT Survey Key Terms
Cards in this deck (53)
- 1Abomination of DesolationTerm for an idolatrous action or image. (ie. sacrifices in the book of Daniel)
- 2AcrosticAlphabetic poem in which the first letter of each line is the next successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet.
- 3Akitu FestivalAnnual festival celebrated by the Babylonians at which they paraded statues of their gods through Babylon.
- 4AkkadianLanguage of the Assyrians and Babylonians, which was the same language family as Semitic Hebrew and Aramaic.
- 5Akkadian PropheciesAkkadian texts of the first millenium B.C. that simply list various political events of a particular historical period; there intention is somewhat vague. (potentially apocalyptic literature)
- 6AllegoryStory that contains hidden or symbolic meaning.
- 7Amarna LettersNearly 400 letters found at El Amarna, Egypt, between Memphis and Thebes, dating from the fourteenth century B.C. Most are in Akkadian and are written by kings and vassal rulers of Syria-Palestine to Amenhotep IV and his father Amenhotep III.
- 8Amillennialism?
- 9AmmoniteLanguage of Ammon, in the same family as Hebrew and Aramaic.
- 10AmoriteLanguage in the same family as Hebrew and Aramaic. Amorites dominated history of Mesopotamia during the second millennium B.C.
- 11AmphictyonyAssociation of twelve members centred around a central religious shrine at Delphi, in Greece, dated to around 600 B.C.
- 12Ancient of DaysTitle given to God in Daniel 7
- 13AnthropomorphicHaving human-like qualities (in this context, the term relates specifically to biblical terminology used in the presentation or description of God.)
- 14Antithetic ParallelismCommon, easy-to-recognize literary characteristic of Hebrew poetry in which two lines stand in sharp contrast to each other. (ie. Psalm 1:6 & Proverbs)
- 15AphorismsShort statements that embody general or religious truths. (not found in the Bible but are present in many books of other world religions.)
- 16Apocalyptic LiteratureBody of symbolic, "revelatory" documents containing a unique manner of style and communication and having in common a basic content.
- 17ApocryphalTerm specifically relating to the extra books, in addition to the 66 books of the traditional canon, which are included in Roman Catholic Bibles. In general means "hidden" or "concealed".
- 18ArabicLanguage in the same family as Hebrew and Aramaic
- 19AramaicSemetic language, closely resembling Hebrew in vocabulary and basic morphology, in which a few portions of the Old Testament were written.
- 20AramaismsWords or expressions in the Hebrew text of the Old Testament that suggest the language has been influenced by Aramaic.
- 21ArchivesPlaces where public records or other historical documents are kept and preserved.
- 22AsherahCanaanite goddess of the sea and the female consort of Baal.
- 23Atone, AtonementBiblical terms describing the removal of sin or defilement. The Hebrew "kipper" means literally "to cover over", which usually denotes "to atone by offering a substitute"
- 24BaalMost important God of the Canaanite pantheon, his name means "master." Baal was a god of fertility and was worshiped extensively in western Asia from Babylonia to Egypt.
- 25Baal-ZebubDeity that was a form of Baal worshiped by the Philistines at Ekron.
- 26Babylonian PeriodEarly second millennium B.C. (2000 - 1595 B.C.) during which the Babylonians began to compile what we now call omen texts.
- 27BehemothIn Job 40, probably refers to the hippopotamus as a picture of strength, resilience, and apparent indestructibility which God uses to contrast his mighty power with the weakness and ignorance of the human being.
- 28Biblical ApocalypticSubcategory of apocalyptic literature that opens with historical material and gradually moves to the more apocalyptic type of material.
- 29Book of the LawDuring the reign of young king Josiah, this term probably referred to all or part of the Deuteronomy which had been deposited in the temple at Solomon's dedication.
- 30BranchProphetic description of the coming Messiah in Isaiah 4:2 as a branch who would come from the line of Jesse, David's father, and would be empowered by the Spirit of the Lord to lead the nations and bring God's peace, goodness, and salvation to those who have placed their faith in him.
- 31Canaanite BaalismBaal-worshiping religion of the Canaanites with which the Hebrew faith experienced significant ideological conflict during Ahab's reign.
- 32CanonGreek word (kanon) meaning rule. In biblical studies, it connotes an authoritative collection of books accepted as the rule of faith and practice. The 66 books of the Bible as we know them today.
- 33Canonical CriticismCritical approach to the Old Testament developed in the second half of the twentieth century that attempted to study the received form of the OT and to expose its theological message. (mostly disregards historical findings)
- 34Casuistic LawClass of case law, in contrast to apodictic law or absolute prohibitions.
- 35Chalcolithic AgeTerm used by archaeologists and historians for the last of the stone ages in the Middle East, about 4200 - 3300 B.C. (when bronze replaced stone)
- 36ChiasmBased on the Greek letter X (chi) denoting an inverted sequence or cross-over of parallel words, phrases, or concepts in a sentence or larger literary unit.
- 37ChroniclesAnnals that in the ancient Near East listed each king's political activities; they were official state records preserved in the royal archives.
- 38City-StatesSovereign states consisting of an autonomous city with its dependencies. Old Testament examples include the Canaanite city-states of Tyre and Sidon.
- 39Classical ProphecyProphecy that generally addresses all the people, informs them of God's wrath against their sin, warns them of approaching judgment, calls them to repentance, and proclaims God's salvation for those who will turn to him.
- 40CosmogonyAccount or theory concerning the origin of the universe.
- 41CoupUnexpected power play (such as Absalom attempted in the overthrowing of his father David's kingdom by striving to win the people's hearts and declare himself king at the strategic time).
- 42CovenantHebrew term (berit) describing binding relationships between human partners, or between God and humans.
- 43Creatio ex NihiloLatin phrase meaning "creation out of nothing."
- 44CuneiformWriting system invented by the Sumerians around 3100 B.C.
- 45Day of the LordConcept frequently occurring in both the prophets and the New Testament. It includes three elements: the judgment of God against sin, the cleansing and purging of God's people, and the salvation of God's people.
- 46Dead Sea ScrollsAncient texts discovered by a shepherd boy in 1947 at the caves in Qumran. From 100-200 B.C. and contain at least parts of every Old Testament book except Esther.
- 47DecalogueGreek name for the Ten Commandments
- 48Deutero-IsaiahSimply meaning the "second Isaiah", this term is used by scholars who hold to a multiple-author view of Isaiah to refer to the author of chapter 40-66.
- 49Deuteronomic TheologyDoctrine of retribution, which the Bible often uses to explain that faithfulness to the covenant will result in blessings in the future while disobedience will result in curses.
- 50Deuteronomistic TheologyName given to the unit of the Old Testament containing Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel, and 1-2 Kings. A theory which claims the existence of the "Deuteronomist"
- 51Dictation TheoryTheory that suggests God simply dictated the Bible to human scribes, choosing certain individuals to record his word and giving them the exact words he wanted used.
- 52DistichsUnits of individual proverbs consisting largely of a collection of proverbial sayings in poetic verse of two lines each, usually making complete sense.
- 53—
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- Flashcards on OT Survey Key Terms, created by Nathan Harrison on 11/08/2015.
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- Nathan Harrison
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