GoConqr has a new look! Let us know what you think.

Sign up free

Flashcards

EBP Flash Cards

bethanylhann Evidence Based Practice English 34 cards

Cards in this deck (34)

  1. 1What are the 6 elements of quality health care?safety, efficiency, effectiveness, equity, patient-centredness and timeliness
  2. 2What is the definition of EBP?The explicit, conscientious and judicious use of the current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.
  3. 3What three factors does EBP aim to encompass in its philosophy?Best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values.
  4. 4What is research evidence?Rigorous scientific demonstrations of effectiveness, validity and reliability of a treatment.
  5. 5What is clinical evidence?Defensible written reports of patient care.
  6. 6What are the four components underpinning EBP?Clinical expertise, research evidence, information from practice context and patient values, circumstances etc.
  7. 7What are the four purposes of EBP?Improve quality, effectiveness and appropriateness of clinical practice.
    Share decision making with patients.
    Substantiate the care provided to patients.
    Reduce variations in practice.
  8. 8What is the five step EBP process?1. Assess the patient/situation
    2. Ask an answerable clinical question
    3. Acquire the evidence
    4. Appraise the evidence
    5. Apply the evidence
  9. 9What are some common misconceptions of EBP?decisions are made solely from research data, it is a cost cutting tool, it is not useful.
  10. 10What are some limitations of EBP?Need time to develop new skills, limited time and resources, difficulties in application, shortage of coherent, consistent scientific evidence.
  11. 11What is the difference between primary and secondary research?Primary - generate own results, research conducted with actual subjects.
    Secondary - data gathered from previously published literature.
  12. 12What is quantitative research?Formal, objective and systematic process in which numerical data are used to produce rigorous and generalizable results.
  13. 13What is qualitative research?Research which explores the meaning of something in order to produce rich and large volumes of infromation from an individual's perspective.
  14. 14What are descriptive studies?Often the start of the research process, they define a novel phenomena through case reports. They describe trends and generate hypotheses with an aim to develop an understanding of a novel association without establishing a causal relationship.
  15. 15Define prevalence.Total number of cases in a given sample at one point in time.
  16. 16Define incidence.Measure of the risk of developing a disease within a given period of time.
  17. 17What is a cross-sectional research design?Measurements taken at one point in time to identify how many do A and how many do B. It aims to describe the relationship between two things, assesses prevalence but cannot establish causality.
  18. 18What is a case control research design?Works backward from outcome to predictor (retrospective) with a case group and a control group. It determines strength of association between each predictor variable and presence or absence of disease. DIfficult to establish causality.
  19. 19What is a cohort research design?Comparative observational study, collect same data repeatedly over time with same group of people, compare rates of outcome among sample and control, assesses incidence. Some evidence of causality.
  20. 20What are some unique features of experimental studies?Have an intervention (control variables), truly allows measurement of cause and effect.
  21. 21What is a pre-post research design?Subjects act as their own controls. Group A at time 1 ->intervention->Group A at time 2
  22. 22What is quasi-experimental research design?Different subject groups over different time periods. Group A at time 1 and time 2. Group B at time 3 and time 4. One group has an intervention.
  23. 23What is sensitivity?The ability to correctly identify positive results
    Sn = [TP/(TP+FN)]
  24. 24What is specificity?The ability to correctly identify negative results.
    Sp= [TN/(TN+FP)]
  25. 25What is a type 1 error?False Negative
  26. 26What is a type 2 error?False positive
  27. 27What is the Central Limit Theorem?If population distribution of X is normal, sampling distribution of X-bar is normal for any N. If population distribution of X is not normal, sampling distribution of X-bar is approxaimately normal for n>_30
  28. 28What is a Confidence Interval?Symmetric interval around a point estimate in which a population parameter may lie.
  29. 29What is the four step process to hypothesis testing?1. Set up null and alternate hypotheses.
    2. Decide significance.
    3. Caluculate test statistic.
    4. Find p-value
  30. 30When do we reject the null hypothesis?Low Po reject Ho, High Po fail to reject Ho
  31. 31What is the correlation coefficient?An index which defines the strength and direction of the relationship between 2 numerical variables, represented by correlation coefficient r (-1
  32. 32When is the Pearson Correlation Coefficient used?For a linear association.
  33. 33When is the Spearman Correlation Coefficient used?For a curved relationship, or when n is less than 30.
  34. 34What is bias?A systematic error which effects all data. It can be eliminated.

Information

Description
Evidence Based Practice Flashcards on EBP Flash Cards, created by bethanylhann on 04/11/2013.
Created by
bethanylhann
Views
46
Rating

Feedback

What is it about?

What do you think of the new look?

How do you like it?