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Flashcards

REVIEW lesson 1

Kuzishika Eiji English 48 cards

Cards in this deck (48)

  1. 1Involves investigating the relationship that exist between the structures and properties of materialsMaterials Science
  2. 2On the basis of these structure-property correlations, designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce predetermined set of propertiesMaterials Engineering
  3. 3Four components of the the discipline of mat sci and enggProcess
    Structure
    Properties
    Performance
  4. 4Usually relates to the arrangement of internal componentsStructure
  5. 5Involves electrons with the individual atoms and interactions with the nucleiSubatomic Structure
  6. 6Is a material trait in terms of the kind and magnitude of response to a specific stimulusProperty
  7. 7Amorphous Materials have onlyShort-range Order
  8. 8While Crystalline materials haveShort and Long range Arrangements
  9. 9Expand and Contract in response to an applied electric field and also generate electric field when their dimensions are alteredPiezoelectric Ceramics
  10. 10With regard to ___ characteristics, ____ are relatively strong, yet are ductile , and are resistant to fracture, which accounts for their widespread use in structural applicationsmechanical
    metals
  11. 11Many important properties of materials are sensitive to theMicrostructure
  12. 12___ materials have large number of nonlocalized electrons, that is, these electrons are not bound to particular atomsMetallic
  13. 13Semiconductors have electrical properties that are intermediate between ___ that are metals and ___ that are ceramics and polymersconductors
    insulators
  14. 14Features that include ____ include pososity, surface coatings, and such features as internal or external micro-cracksMacrostructure
  15. 15Components of a Smart MaterialSensor
    Actuator
  16. 16Component of a Smart Material that detects an input signalSensor
  17. 17Component of a Smart Material that performs adaptive and responsive functionActuator
  18. 18Component of a Smart Material that may be called upon to change shape, position, natural frequency, or mechanical characteristics in response to temperature, electric and or magnetic fieldsActuator
  19. 19Chemical make-up of a materialComposition
  20. 20Description of the arrangement of atomsStructure
  21. 21How materials are madeSynthesis
  22. 22How materials are shaped into useful componentsProcessing
  23. 23Include steel, aluminum, zinc, and others and has a good thermal and electrical conductivityMetals and Alloys
  24. 24can be defined as inorganic crystalline materials.Ceramics
  25. 25organic materials produced using a process known as polymerizationPolymers
  26. 26Silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide-based semiconductors are part of a broader class of materials known aselectronic materials
  27. 27Advanced MaterialsSemiconductors
    Smart Material
    Nanomaterial
  28. 28Are a group of new and state-of-the-art materials now being developed that will have a significant influence on many of our technologiesSmart (Intelligent) Materials
  29. 29Type of advance material that is not distinguished on the basis of their chemistry but rather their sizeNanomaterials
  30. 30Functional Materials include:Structural
    Biomedical
    Electronic
    Magnetic
    Optical
  31. 31Classification of Materials based on structureCrystalline
    Amorphous
  32. 32Environmental and other EffectsTemperature
    Corrosion
    Fatigue
  33. 33What Environmental Effect is this about? Metals and alloys that have been strengthened by certain heat treatments or forming techniques will lose their strength when heated. A tragic reminder of this is the collapse of the steel beams used in the World Trade Center towersTemperature
  34. 34Most metals and polymers react with oxygen or other gases, particularly at elevated temperatures. Metals and ceramics may disintegrate and polymers and nonoxide ceramics may oxidize.Corrosion
  35. 35when we do load and unload the material thousands of times, small cracks may begin to develop and materials fail as these cracks grow.Fatigue
  36. 36The structure of a material at a length scale of 10 nm to 1000 nmMicrostructure
  37. 37Crystals in a polycrystalline material.Grains
  38. 38Regions between grains of a polycrystalline material.Grain boundaries
  39. 39Five different levels of Atomic StructureMacrostructure
    Microstructure
    Nanostructure
    Short and Long-range atomic arrangements
    Atomic Structure
  40. 40is the structure of a material at a macroscopic level where the lengthscale is @>100,000 nm.Macrostructure
  41. 41is the structure of material at a length-scale of@10 to 1000 nm.Microstructure
  42. 42Typically include size features such as average grain size, grain size distribution, grain shape, grain orientation, and other featuresMicrostructure
  43. 43is a characteristic length or range of dimensions over which we are describing the properties of a material or the phenomena occurring in materials.Length-Scale
  44. 44Used to describe a set of technologies that are based on physical, chemical, and biological phenomena occurring at a nano-scalenanotechnology
  45. 45is the structure of material at a length-scale of 1to100 nmNanostructure
  46. 46the atoms or ions show a particular order only over relatively short distances. 10^−10 ?? 10^−9? (1 to 10 A)Short-range Order
  47. 47in the form of atoms or ions arranged in a three-dimensional pattern that repeats over much larger distances (from@>100 nm to up to few cm).Long-range Order
  48. 48—

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Flashcards on REVIEW lesson 1, created by Kuzishika Eiji on 26/09/2021.
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